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Considering the rise of AI, along with recent layoffs by companies such as Google, Amazon, and Microsoft, you might be wondering if a career in the technology sector is a smart move. Despite some of these challenges, jobs like coding and programming are still rewarding and worthwhile. In fact, the average annual wage for a computer programmer is $102,790, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

However, if youre interested in pursuing a career in this field, you might be wondering: What is the difference between coding and programming, exactly?

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Coding and programming are often used as synonyms when, in fact, they are not, said Dimitry Graf, engineering and program management leader at the software company, Canonical. He explained that when you start a career in software development, you typically begin with coding. That includes writing computer code, testing, and debugging it.

As you progress in your career, you naturally transition to programminga more high-level, end-to-end activity that involves planning, designing, deploying, maintaining, and scaling on top of writing and debugging code, Graf said.

He added that programmers interact more with business departments (marketing, sales, product, etc.) than coders do. This shifts the focus from tech skills to soft skills such as communication, project management, analytical skills, and leadership, he noted.

If youre considering a career in this field, learn more about the difference between coding and programmingand which one might be right for you.

Coding is the process of translating logic and requirements into a computer-readable language. The primary focus is on writing lines of code in a specific language (like Python, Java, or HTML) to perform a specific task or solve a particular problem.

Programming is a more comprehensive process that may include coding, but it also includes the planning, structuring, testing, and maintenance of software applications and systems. It involves understanding and implementing algorithms, data structures, and system design principles.

In terms of careers, coding and programming are closely related and often overlap, but there are some important distinctions, too.

Coding usually refers to the process of writing code in a programming language to make a computer perform a specific task. In other words, coding is a specific task within the realm of programming that focuses on writing actual lines of code, according to Edward Kim, vice president of education and training at Code Ninjas.

Programming, on the other hand, involves not only writing code but also the planning, design, testing, and maintenance of software. Consider programming as a broader superset of activities during the lifecycle of developing software in order to implement a full solution to address specific or an array of challenges and problem sets or needs, Kim said.

Coders rely heavily on text editors such as Sublime Text, Atom, and Visual Studio Code, which are all popular because of their simplicity, speed, and flexibility. They can also be enhanced with plugins. You might also use code libraries such as jQuery or React to simplify certain tasks.

In programming, its common to use frameworks such as Angular, .NET, or Ruby on Rails, which provide a more structured, standardized way to build applications.

Additionally, coding involves syntax-specific tools, like linters and compilers (ESLint for JavaScript or PEP 8 for Python, for example). Programming involves additional project management and collaboration tools such as Git or JIRA to manage the software development lifecycle.

For coding, you need a strong understanding of one or more programming languages and their syntax.

For programming, you not only need to have deep knowledge of the language, but also be able to think holistically about how the software works and how itll be used. It involves multiple categories of tasks to complete: Problem solving, algorithm design, overall architecture and organization of backend processes, implementation of specific code, testing and optimization, and quality control, Kim said.

In terms of difficulty, it can vary depending on your particular skills and interests. Some people might find the logic and problem-solving aspects of programming more challenging, while others might find the syntax and specifics of coding more difficult. Generally, programming is considered to encompass more complex and diverse tasks than coding, which is just one aspect of programming.

Its actually common for people to start out as coders and then transition into programming. Employers expect you to progress from a coder to a programmer, learn new skills, and take on more responsibilities, Graf said. That doesnt mean you have to build a vertical career, though. Not everyone wants and needs to be a manager, and thats fine. However, he reiterated, companies do expect people in software engineering to constantly upskill.

Both coding and programming are excellent fields to pursue as careers. They offer high demand, good earning potential, and opportunities for growth. However, while coding and programming are closely related, they have distinct differences in the realm of software development.

Coding is integral to creating software, but its just one part of a broader landscape. Programming, on the other hand, encompasses a wider scope. As a programmer, you not only need to understand coding, but also be skilled at problem-solving, logical thinking, and software architecture and design.

Whether you decide to pursue coding or programming will depend on your interests, skills, and career goals. But many people start out as coders and then progress to programming or another higher-level position as they gain more experience and skills.

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Coding vs. programming: Whats the difference? - Fortune

By Nazrul Khandaker

Jadyn Worthington, now a senior majoring in computer science at University of Delaware, attended the York College-hosted NASA STEM Program at the age of 10 and acknowledged the impact the program had on him at a young age with great sincerity.

Beyond excelling in academia, Jadyn is a trailblazer utilizing his expertise in Machine Learning (ML) to inspire and educate the next generation. Jadyn keeps quite busy, and is involved in various campus activities and pioneering educational programs for elementary school kids, introducing them to the wonders of ML and paving the way for many to opt in to further STEM learning.

The NASA-SEMAA K1-12 (Science, Engineering, Mathematics and Aerospace Academy) program was introduced to the greater York community in 1999 with the help of Congressman Meeks to foster STEM education, engage underrepresented community children in hands-on learning activities, and create a pathway for involved students to plan on undertaking STEM courses and eventually become scientists. The SEMAA program ended in 2015 and was succeeded by MUREP (Minority University Research and Education Project) Aerospace Academy. York administered both SEMAA and MAA and graduated over 30,000 students over the years.

Like Jadyn, many NASA STEM graduates from York College chose to pursue STEM majors and as a result, became STEM graduates and professionals as well. Saintedym Sandy Wills, a six grade SEMAA participant in 2000, became the programs first-known PhD degree recipient from Duke University in 2018. An immunologist, Dr. Saintedym Wills is the Technical Director for Immunology Research and Development at Laboratory Corporation of America.

York not only offered STEM education to the children, it also tracked students once they left the program. The longitudinal tracking of NASA STEM graduates often brought to light inspiring and exemplary reflections from these tracked students, and York made it an effort to share these with the greater York Community on a regular basis. These graduates are stars and their success stories need to be conveyed in a manner where incoming generations of youths can follow their footsteps, draw inspiration, and participate in an active STEM learning community.

The program director Nazrul Khandaker reached out to Jadyn recently and received a marvelous response to share with the community children:

By Jadyn Worthington

The curriculum, meticulously designed by NASA, introduced me to a world of inquiry-based learning. Each session was a gateway to understanding national science, math, and technology standards, connected profoundly to NASA's mission directorates. Through engaging in projects and activities such as the Summer of Innovation, Engineering Design Challenges, learning mathematics, and learning information about planets in our solar system, I discovered the thrill of applying theoretical knowledge to practical endeavors while doing some of the hands-on work.

Motivation and Impact: The guidance and mentorship provided by Dr. Nazrul Khandaker within the NASA-SEMAA program were instrumental in shaping my aspirations. Dr. Khandaker's dedication to fostering a passion for STEM children like me inspired me to strive for excellence. His vision and commitment to educational outreach resonated deeply with me and motivated me to pursue a path in computer science.

As a senior majoring in computer science today, I reflect on the pivotal role that the NASA-SEMAA program played in instilling the fundamental values of curiosity, problem-solving, and innovation within me. The exposure to cutting-edge technologies and the emphasis on rigorous STEM curriculum enhancement set the stage for my academic and professional journey.

Jadyn continued his reflections by saying, as I stride toward the horizon of new beginnings, my commitment to innovation and scientific exploration remains. Every accomplishment attained from high school to my senior year as a Computer Science major at the University of Delaware is the resultant of the foundations laid during my time with NASA-SEMAA.

From pioneering initiatives supporting campus communities to contributing to research in advancing solar cell technology, my journey reverberates with the principles instilled in me at a young age. The seeds of curiosity, problem-solving, and a drive for innovation, developed by the immersive STEM exposure of the SEMAA program, continue to guide my trajectory. They form the bedrock upon which I aspire to build a future STEM career with groundbreaking contributions to the world of science and technology.

As I stand at this juncture, I am resolute in my pursuit: to push the boundaries of innovation, unravel the mysteries of science, and contribute meaningfully to the ever-evolving landscape of discovery. Looking ahead to my graduation next semester, I am enthusiastic about continuing to leverage my roles within various campus organizations to further enhance our campus environment. I'm committed to driving positive change and fostering an inclusive atmosphere that supports every individual's growth and success.

Thank you, Jadyn and heartiest congratulations, to you for successfully transitioning from a 4th grade NASA STEM student to passionate and forward-thinking Computer Science major with a strong focus on Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Robotics.

York greatly acknowledges the generous support of Con Edison, AT&T, and National Grid, which enabled both SEMAA and MUREP to offer state-of-the-art STEM education to the greater York community for close to two decades. Con Edison has been a steadfast financial supporter of the previous SEMAA Program since 2007 and continued providing strategic support to the York-hosted STEM Program.

York College enriches lives and enables students to grow as passionate, engaged learners with the confidence to realize their intellectual and human potential as individuals and global citizens. With more than 60 academic majors, York College attracts undergraduate and graduate students from across the five boroughs of New York City as well as Long Island, Westchester County and internationally. More on the NASA-STEM program at York College .

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How did the NASA STEM Program trigger curiosity and keep Jadyn Worthington on track? - York College

Gaurav Sukhatme, professor of computer science and electrical and computer engineering, was formally appointed by USC President Carol Folt as the inaugural director of the USC School of Advanced Computing on Wednesday.

Stepping up to the podium to resounding applause from the audience filling the Ronald Tutor Campus Center rotunda, Sukhatme, executive vice dean of the USC Viterbi School of Engineering, said he was lost for words before thanking Folt for her faith in him. I am both honored and touched, he said.

In separate speeches, both Folt and USC Viterbi Dean Yannis C. Yortsos expressed their confidence in Sukhatmes ability to serve as a leader of the universitys 23rd school. For a powerhouse school, we needed a powerhouse director, Folt said. We found that in Gaurav.

The new school, which was officially announced last week, is a keystone of Folts Frontiers of Computing moonshot, serving as a nexus for advanced computing research and education across the university.

In fall 2023, Folt jumpstarted the initiative with a university gift of $260 million from the Lord Foundation of California aimed at advancing and expanding computing research and education across the university.

Our achievements in engineering and computation have already changed the world in so many ways, Folt said. I like to say that USC knows how to move fast when it is needed most. And thats what were seeing and celebrating today.

The new school, a unit of USC Viterbi, will be home to the Thomas Lord Department of Computer Science, the Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and the Division of Computing Education, but faculty across all schools will be involved in creating this digital backbone, Folt said.

Students are at the heart of the initiative, which Folt said aims to provide knowledge of advanced computing to all, regardless of discipline.

The jobs of the future will require digital skills and computer literacy, she said. Our moonshot, when fully implemented, is determined to ensure that every single student will be prepared to be a part of creating the world of the future.

Describing Sukhatme as a true multihyphenate with a multidisciplinary mind, Folt praised his academic accomplishments and leadership acumen, acknowledging his scholarly works whopping 39,000 citations and his numerous leadership roles at the university.

He also embodies the philosophy of putting students first, she said, highlighting his mentorship of more than 45 doctoral students and 100 masters and undergraduate students during his academic career at USC.

The inauguration also served as an opportunity to celebrate Sukhatmes long and storied Trojan journey.

Sukhatme is a double USC Viterbi alumnus, having earned his masters degree and doctorate in computer science at USC. He was mentored by Professor Emeritus George Bekey, a renowned pioneer in robotic and technology ethics.

Sukhatme became a professor in 2000 and chaired USCs department of computer science from 2012 to 2017 during one of its fastest periods of growth. Since 2017, he has served as the executive vice dean of USC Viterbi.

In 2023, at the Thomas Lord Department of Computer Science naming ceremony, he received the Donald M. Alstadt Chair in Advanced Computing. Some people may think of this as a capstone, but for Gaurav, it was just another milestone that brings us here today, Folt said.

In closing, Folt reflected on the similarities between cricket, Sukhatmes favorite sport, and computer science, his intellectual passion.

They both require strategic planning by people to succeed and enormous patience, said Folt. While things in computing can move quickly like current advances in AI patience is key, especially given the ethical issues at stake.

Before handing the podium to Sukhatme, Folt thanked Yortsos and Geoffrey Garrett, dean of the USC Marshall School of Business. Youve been real partners from the start, she said. It has been such a great opportunity to work with you.

During his address, Sukhatme pledged to move forward USCs rich academic and interdisciplinary legacy with, to use a computer science term, a full-stack approach, building on the universitys long-standing and well-acknowledged strengths across all our schools.

We seek to build a community of scholars dedicated to expanding the frontiers of computing not only in computer science, electrical engineering and other engineering disciplines, but also in the sciences and mathematics, Sukhatme said.

The work of our faculty [at the USC School of Advanced Computing] will profoundly impact virtually every field, from medicine and the health professions to law, business, communications, the arts and humanities.

Speaking to the assembled crowd of trustees, deans, faculty, staff and students, he outlined his unwavering commitment to innovation in computing across all facets of USC, encouraging diverse collaboration and thought, and fostering academic excellence and inclusivity.

I want to emphasize that while the School of Advanced Computing will operate as a unit within the Viterbi School of Engineering, it is a school for everyone, Sukhatme said. It will be home to innovative new programs in computing to ensure that every USC student learns about the explosive modern advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence, while developing a grounding in the fundamentals of computing that underpin these technologies and their applications.

With the opening of the new Dr. Allen and Charlotte Ginsburg Human-Centered Computation Hall this summer, a new home for the School of Advanced Computing, Sukhatme affirmed the emphasis on scholarship with impact at USC.

Our work will be firmly rooted in solving important societal problems that address issues of sustainability, global health, society and governance, and many others, he said.

Sukhatme concluded by offering his deepest gratitude to Yortsos for his remarkable stewardship for nearly two decades.

For his part, Yortsos, during the ceremonys closing speech, said he didnt have to look far to find the perfect leader to entrust with this initiatives extraordinary genesis.

When I was asked who would be the ideal person to run the new school, help it stand, take its first steps and grow to adulthood, I knew that the right person was next to me: Gaurav Sukhatme, he said.

Yortsos said he envisions the new school as a trusted, indivisible and quintessential part of the entire university. A school of advanced computing for all.

Paraphrasing economist W. Brian Arthur, he said: Technology is leveraging phenomena for useful purposes. These words encapsulate all that we do.

The phenomena may vary, he said, from the physical, chemical, geological, biological and planetary, to the behavioral and social.

The useful purposes can address grand challenges and moonshots, but what leverages these phenomena, and the reason we are here today, is advanced computing, Yortsos said. This is, then, the mission of our new school: to leverage phenomena using advanced computing.

That mission, he added, will include the solution of vexing problems in sustainability, health, security; enriching life; and the pruning and ultimate elimination of unavoidable unintended consequences that challenge our ethics and our humanity.

In closing, Yortsos delivered this message to Sukhatme, his friend and colleague of more than 20 years:

I am thrilled to have the opportunity to also usher in this historic moment for the entire university and to congratulate and celebrate our remarkable colleague, who is entrusted with carrying forward a truly remarkable vision.

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USC celebrates School of Advanced Computing director - University of Southern California