Cloud Hosting

Artificial Intelligence is a mechanism through which computers are programmed to undertake tasks which otherwise are done by the human brain. Like every other thing, it also has pros and cons to it. While the usage of Artificial Intelligence can help in completing a task in a few minutes on the other hand, if it worked as well as it is deemed to, it could potentially take away employment of thousands of people across the country. The growing influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be seen across various industries, from IT to farming, from manufacturing to customer service. The Indian Legal Industry, meanwhile, has always been a little slower to adapt to technology and has seen minimal changes to superior technology. This is promulgated by several lawyers still feeling comfortable with the same old system of functioning that was designed decades ago. AI has managed to disrupt other industries. W ith an ever growing pendency and increasing demand for self-service systems even in the legal fraternity, this once assumed-to-be utopian idea can become a reality for all lawyers. Some of the concerning questions that will be addressed in this article are as follows:

What are the changes that the Indian legal system has already witnessed?

The Introduction of AI into the legal system has made a drastic impact on the legal fraternities across the globe. The first global player to attempt using AI for legal purposes was through the IBM Watson powered robot ROSS, which used a unique method by mining data and interpreting trends and patterns in the law to solve research questions. Interestingly, the area that will get most affected is not the litigation process or arbitration matters, but in fact the back-end work for the litigation and arbitration purposes such as research, data storage and usage, etc.

Due to the sheer volume of cases and diversity in case matters, the Indian laws and their interpretations keep changing and developing further. If lawyers could have access to AI-Based technology that could help with research matters then the labour cost of research work could be significantly reduced, leading to the profitability and significant increase in the speed of getting work done. While this could lead to the reduction of staff members, i. e. Paralegals and some associates, it would also increase the overall productivity for all lawyers and lead to the fast-tracking of legal research and drafting.

One of the best examples is the usage of the AI-based Software Kira by Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas that examines, identifies and provides a refined search on the specific data needed with a reportedly high degree of precision. This reportedly has allowed the firm to focus on more important aspects of the litigation process and has reduced the repetitive and monotonous work usually done by paralegals, interns and other entry-level employees.

In fact, several noted Jurists and Judges have spoken in good terms about the necessity of such AI-Based software that could be useful for the docketing system and simple decision making process. Some of the statements made by these eminent personalities are as follows:

Justice SA Bobde had said : We must increasingly focus on harnessing IT and IT enabled services (ITES) for providing more efficient and cost-effective access to and delivery of justice. This must also include undertaking serious study concerning the future of Artificial Intelligence in law, especially how Artificial Intelligence can assist in judicial decision making. I believe exploring this interface would be immensely beneficial for many reasons. For instance, it would allow us to streamline courts caseloads through enabling better court management. This would be a low hanging fruit. On the other end of the spectrum, it will allow us to shift the judicial time from routine-simple-straightforward matters (e.g. cases which are non-rivalrous) and apply them to more complex-intricate matters that require more human attention and involvement.Therefore, in India identification of such matters and developing relevant technology ought to be our next focus.

Justice DY Chandrachud said : The idea of Artificial Intelligence is not to supplant the human brain or the human mind or the presence of judges but to provide a facilitative tool to judges to reassess the processes which they follow, to reassess the work which they do and to ensure that their outcome are more predictable and consistent and ultimately provide wider access to justice to the common citizens.

What legal problems can AI solve in India?

While the country admittedly has a massive issue with respect to its judicial system owing to the massive pendency and huge volume of unresolved cases, the inclusion of AI can help with resolving a majority of its problems. The introduction of technological advancement will aid the lawyers in conducting legal research in an efficient and timely manner and thus will ensure AI software equipped lawyers to focus more on advising their clients and taking up complex issues/cases. It also helps in assessing a potential outcome to pending cases and could be of great assistance to the courts and private parties to help them decide on which cases to pursue, which ones to resolve amicably if possible and which ones to let go of!

Some of the benefits of implementing the nation-wide use of AI systems are as follows:

What are the changes needed for the AI systems in India and the road ahead?

While there are several benefits to Lawyers/Firms and the Judiciary for implementing AI into the Legal fraternity, there are a few caveats as well. With any form of technology for the matter, the risk of data infringement, cyber-attacks and hacking attempts are a constant threat. Incorrect software is also an issue that has often been a question over technology, especially over those technologies that are relatively untested and new in the market.

There are also some questions regarding the nature of ethics of an AI. An important point to keep in mind is that Artificial Intelligence software does not have a mind of their own. Although they do think before taking an action, their actions are completely programmed and there is always an issue of trustworthiness as AI needs to have a defined ethical purpose and technically robust and reliable systems. These issues were also seen to persist in the highly acclaimed ROSS, which saw several glitches.

There is also another issue that arises with implementing Artificial Intelligence. The affordability of these AI software is a factor that needs deliberation. The maintenance of these AI facilities are an added concern, with firms investing in privatised AI research facilities as mentioned earlier. Thus the investment that would be required to establish and operate would be expensive, thus making a division of technological capabilities ab initio. This is also taking into factor the unknown probability of the learning curve involved in dealing with the lawyers, firms and judiciary members who utilize such technology.

With these challenges kept in mind, the regulations with respect to AI use must be kept in mind, particularly with respect to how the judiciary uses it. There has and there always will be a sense of mistrust in technologies such as these, but the progress needs to be made slowly and cannot be drastically at this point, without understanding its legal, financial and security implications. The following actions must be taken when the usage of AI is eventually implemented:

Go here to read the rest:
Artificial Intelligence in the Legal Field: - Lexology

A new project has been launched in partnership with the University of Birmingham aiming to address racial and ethical health inequalities using artificial intelligence (AI).

STANDING Together, being led by University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (UHB), aims to develop standards for datasets that AI systems use, to ensure they are diverse, inclusive and work across all demographic groups. The resulting standards will help regulators, commissioners, policymakers and health data institutions assess whether AI systems are underpinned by datasets that represent everyone, and dont leave underrepresented or minority groups behind.

Xiao Liu, Clinical Researcher in Artificial Intelligence and Digital Healthcare at the University of Birmingham and UHB, and STANDING Together project co-leader, said: Were looking forward to starting work on our project, and developing standards that we hope will improve the use of AI both in the UK and around the world. We believe AI has enormous potential to improve patient care, but through our earlier work on producing AI guidelines, we also know that there is still lots of work to do to make sure AI is a success stories for all patients. Through the STANDING Together project, we will work to ensure AI benefits all patients and not just the majority.

NHSX NHS AI Lab, the NIHR, and the Health Foundation have awarded in total 1.4m to four projects, including STANDING Together. The other organisations working with UHB and the University of Birmingham on STANDING Together are the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Health Data Research UK, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and The Hospital for Sick Children (Sickkids, Toronto).

The NHS AI Lab introduced the AI Ethics Initiative to support research and practical interventions that complement existing efforts to validate, evaluate and regulate AI-driven technologies in health and care, with a focus on countering health inequalities. Todays announcement is the result of the Initiatives partnership with The Health Foundation on a research competition, enabled by NIHR, to understand and enable opportunities to use AI to address inequalities and to optimise datasets and improve AI development, testing and deployment.

Brhmie Balaram, Head of AI Research and Ethics at NHSX, said: We're excited to support innovative projects that demonstrate the power of applying AI to address some of our most pressing challenges; in this case, we're keen to prove that AI can potentially be used to close gaps in minority ethnic health outcomes. Artificial intelligence has the potential to revolutionise care for patients, and we are committed to ensuring that this potential is realised for all patients by accounting for the health needs of diverse communities."

Dr Indra Joshi, Director of the NHS AI Lab at NHSX, added: As we strive to ensure NHS patients are amongst the first in the world to benefit from leading AI, we also have a responsibility to ensure those technologies dont exacerbate existing health inequalities.These projects will ensure the NHS can deploy safe and ethical Artificial Intelligence tools that meet the needs of minority communities and help our workforce deliver patient-centred and inclusive care to all.

See more here:
Artificial Intelligence project aims to improve standards and development of AI systems - University of Birmingham

Opinions expressed by Entrepreneur contributors are their own.

Children inevitably adapt to the culture in which they were raised. Parents or guardians shape the lens through which they view the world, largely through the examples they set. Many parents experience humored horror when a child picks up on an inappropriate word, likely from an overheard adult conversation, and begins to employ that expression in their everyday speech. It does not matter whether the parent is intentionally or unintentionally crafting the lens for the childthey will still pick up on the parents viewpoints and habits.

We are witnessing this same progression in the tech world. Artificial intelligence systems adopt the worldview of their creators, just like children adopt the worldview of the adults that raised them. This is problematic because artificial intelligence cannot develop its own worldview, learn from its life experiences or challenge its creators worldview like a child might as they grow older.

Here are five initiatives that will help prevent bias in tech.

Artificial intelligence systems are biased, and the technology usually follows the viewpoints of its creators. While society has changed considerably in the last half-century, corporations still have underlying biases (whether they realize them or not). Its essential that we take active steps to reverse our biases so that we can prevent further biases from developing in artificial intelligence, and the best way to do this is to make the tech industry more accessible to a wider range of people.

Initiatives like Girls Who Code, AI4ALLand other educational programs make it possible for children to develop an interest in technology. To reduce bias and make the tech industry more diverse, leaders must invest in the education of young people so that they can develop an interest in the field and build the skills necessary to pursue a career. Tech companies should invest in a range of students early on, knowing that investments in education yield long-term results.

Related:This Is the Most PowerfulArtificial IntelligenceTool in the World

Despite numerous call-outs of major industry leaders, the tech world still lacks diversity. The Harvard Business Review reported that leading companies like Google have only crawled ahead toward more diversity among staff members. Even nearly seven years after tech companies started reporting diversity efforts, most leading tech organizations are failing with minorities only making up single-digit percentages of the overall workforce.

It goes without saying, but companies must actively hire and promote with diversity in mind. This is the most effective way to eliminate biases in artificial intelligence, because with a more diverse workforce, AI will be developed with multi-faceted viewpoints and experiences in mind. And we cant just do it at the entry-level diversity must extend to the top of technological leadership so that those who sign off on projects can see blind spots in the systems.

Bias is already in your data sets, and you shouldnt ignore it. To counter biases, every AI technology developer should devote time to evaluating the data sets with which the system was created. This evaluation should take place at every stage of development, from the initial design to the final proofs.

The best way to evaluate AI for biases is to ask specific questions. The FTC provides guidelines to determine if artificial intelligence is on the right trajectory, and to clarify what is allowed (or prohibited) by law. Developers must question themselves and the technology they are creating. It is imperative that developers understand their own biases especially the unconscious ones and can evaluate their work for the same. Working to eliminate biases is not a linear process, as it will take multiple back-and-forth steps.

Related:What Every Entrepreneur Must Know AboutArtificial Intelligence

Rigorous evaluations cant stop at data sets. Technology is growing and changing at such a rapid pace, and strategies, systemsand even outcomes should be reevaluated each step of the way. In order to reverse the biases already in artificial intelligence and prevent further biases from developing, companies must check their work over and over again.

Artificial intelligence can learn new data, and thus develop new biases as the system grows and changes. Companies must understand the impact that this could have on their systems and the people using them. Artificial intelligence software should be regularly evaluated, especially from the consumer-facing interface, so that biases are accounted for and eliminated.

Technology has never developed linearly. The same applies to artificial intelligence: Data, processes, systemsand even the bots themselves must be adjusted over time. The best avenue forward is to take a preventative approach. That means that these five steps to reduce bias in AI should be adjusted and repeated multiple times on any given system.

Human compassion is at the core of this mission toward equality in artificial intelligence. In order to create technology that serves humanity instead of harming it, we must build it with people in mind. It is a pivotal time in technology, and its essential that companies take a more human approach to artificial intelligence by focusing on creating systems free of bias.

Related:Watch Out for These 5Artificial IntelligenceProblems in HR

See the article here:
5 Steps to Help Tech Companies Reduce Bias in AI - Entrepreneur