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Vote now: Do you use cloud storage? – PhoneArena

Ten years ago, storage was a huge issue, at least for me. I remember burning spindles of CDs containing music, movies, photos and everything I cherished at the time. My hard drive was constantly full, and my phone had something like 350MB of internal storage. It was a nightmare!

Now things are very different - not only because memory technology is far superior to what it used to be but also because everything is in the cloud. You could get a 1TB phone if you like but that amount of storage space is often overkill. You can also slap 4 SSDs in your PC or laptop and forget about it but again, the cost might not be justified.

Still, with the modern internet speeds, cloud storage could potentially offer the same space with some additional benefits at a lower price. Ive been using Google Drive for years now (the free version - something like 17GB), and should the need arise, Id probably buy a 100GB subscription for $20 a year. Its just so convenient.

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How Airbnb, Dropbox and Reddit Got Their First Customers – Inc.

Even when you think you have a brilliant idea, it can take some convincing to get others on board.

Just ask some of today's most successfulfounders. Airbnb, Dropbox, and Reddit are just a few companieswho used some farout-of-the-box strategies to get their very first customersbefore becoming household names. Learn from their examples. Will they work for you?

Creating a viral moment that targets a specific community

Sure, they aren't easy to pull off, but viral moments can be crafted with some strategy and dedication. WhenDropbox launched in 2007, the cloud-storage company had a hard time bringing in new users. It ran a GoogleAdSense campaign, but it barely made a difference. So, co-founder Drew Houston, 39,decided to show, not tell. He made avideo to demonstrate exactly how itsstorageworked, and posted it on the news aggregator Digg. Users on Digg quickly up-voted the video, and by the next day, the site had 70,000 new sign-ups, according to Dropbox, which notedthat the Digg community of avid internet-users was an ideal target.

Still, Houston says that it was important for the company to keep innovating for the company to gain new users. One standout strategy: Dropbox ran a campaign that offered users 128 megabitesof storage, in return for sharing a referral link on Facebook and Twitter. Within just 30 days, Dropbox users sent ouf 2.8 million invites, which greatly bolstered the site's user base.

Pulling from another company's user base

Poaching customers from another business may sound like playing dirty--but it's often a reality of business. When developing their apartment-sharing platform, Airbnb's founders thought about what alternative a prospective short-term renter might use without their service. The answer: Craigslist. The founders were confident that they could make the rental experience more pleasant for everyone involved, but they knew that, before they started any kind of customer outreach, they needed to find people who were looking for renters. So, co-founders Brian Chesky and Joe Gebbia, both 40,developed a software that allowed them to extract the contact information of property owners on Craigslist and ask them to advertise their property, according to a case study that Thales S. Teixeira and Morgan Brown wrotefor Harvard BusinessSchool.What's more, it launched witha feature that allowed users to simultaneously list their property on both Airbnb and Craigslist.

While property owners leaped at the chance toadvertise their properties on both Craigslist and Airbnb, the latter company wanted tobring in even more value to sway them. For early listings, Airbnb hired professional photographers to help photograph the rental spaces, easing the burden for property ownersandmaking the listings far more appealing to potential renters. While this tactic wasn't financially sustainablein the long run, launching the site with well-photographed listings established a precedent that other property owners would follow as the site grew, Teixeira and Brown report.

Creating the illusion of an already-existing audience

When it comes to growing a social media platform, users are critical--it's far easier to convince people to join a site that already seems popular than it is to get them to sign on to something completely new. That's why Reddit's co-founders found a way to make it seem like their website already had an active user base, even when ithad only just launched.

Co-founders Steve Huffman and Alexis Ohanianfilled Reddit withsubmissions under fake usernames, which made the site seem more popularthan it really was. "Users like to feel a part of something," Huffman, now 38, says in a video for the online learning platform Udemy. "If they showed up to the website and the front page was blank, it just looks like a ghost town."

They also launched the Redditin a more simple form than exists today. Therewas no categorization for the links, and no comments on the site. Starting simply helped the foundersget their platform out in the worldwithout having to spend a ton of time explaining the nuances of different threads.After a few months, real Redditors had arrived and thesite took off, allowing the founders to stop backfilling submissions.

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Infosec products of the month: May 2022 – Help Net Security

Heres a look at the most interesting products from the past month, featuring releases from: AuditBoard, BIO-key, Cohesity, Corelight, Data Theorem, Deepfence, ForgeRock, Fortinet, Hunters, Enpass, iDenfy, Kasten by Veeam, Kingston Digital, Microsoft, N-able, Nasuni, Netenrich, Orca Security, PIXM, Qualys, SafeGuard Cyber, SecureAge, Skybox Security, Sonatype, Trusona, and Uptycs.

Qualys Custom Assessment and Remediation opens the Qualys Platform for security architects allowing the creation of custom scripts in popular scripting languages, user-defined controls and automation, all seamlessly integrated within existing programs to quickly assess, respond and remediate threats across your global hybrid environment.

Microsoft has announced the stand-alone version of Microsoft Defender for Business, which aims to bring enterprise-grade endpoint security to SMBs, including endpoint detection and response capabilities to protect against ransomware and other sophisticated cyberthreats.

Cove Data Protection provides streamlined, cloud-first backup, disaster recovery, and archiving for physical and virtual servers, workstations, and Microsoft 365 data, managed from a single web-based dashboard. It also delivers fully managed cloud storage, with 30 data centers to keep backups stored in region, to respect data sovereignty.

BIO-key announced upgrades to BIO-key MobileAuth, a multi-factor authentication (MFA) mobile app that integrates the power of IBB across multiple authentication modalities, allowing customers to build a more complete MFA strategy. In addition to the newest IBB-powered modalities, MobileAuth supports device-based biometric authentication methods including Apple Face ID, Touch ID, and Android Biometrics, as well as support for push token authentication.

With Enpass Business, all passwords remain within the trusted boundaries of the organizations local IT systems. Enterprises have the option to store data on employee devices, or use their existing cloud storage, enabling them to maintain control over their data without the need to host additional servers.

Data Theorems new supply chain product can automatically categorize assets under known vendors, allow customers to add additional new vendors, curate individual assets under any vendor, and alert on increases in policy violations and high embed rates of third-party vendors within key applications.

Uptycs announced new cloud infrastructure entitlement management (CIEM) capabilities that strengthen its cloud security posture management (CSPM) offering. These new capabilities provide Security and Governance, Risk, and Compliance teams with continuous monitoring of cloud services, identities, and entitlements so they can reduce their cloud risk.

AuditBoard announced a set of new automation capabilities for its CrossComply solution. These features combine automation with scalability to accelerate security compliance programs with automated framework mapping, evidence collection, and continuous monitoring, as well as providing the ability for teams to leverage applications and data sources.

CatchPulse provides always-on, real-time protection to catch threats by simply blocking all unauthorised applications, processes or scripts from executing. It helps organisations stay one step ahead of unknown threats and offers a simple experience for users of all levels, from novice home users to IT professionals.

Nasuni announced Nasuni Ransomware Protection, a new add-on service to the latest release of the Nasuni File Data Platform that offers an in-line ransomware edge detection capabilities for file data. The new service gives businesses confidence that their file data can not only be quickly recovered following an attack, but that they can now detect live attacks and reduce the time and resources needed to uncover the source of the threat.

Autonomous Access uses the power of artificial intelligence (AI) to monitor login requests in real time, blocking malicious attempts and adding authentication steps when it detects anomalous behaviors.

Orca Security announced a cloud security solution to provide context-aware Shift Left Security for cloud infrastructure and applications. Orcas new command-line interface (CLI) called Orca CLI enables developers and DevOps teams to scan locally hosted images and IaC templates, view results directly in developer tools, and surface findings within the Orca platform.

Sonatype announced a capability focused on identifying and remediating InnerSource components that contain vulnerable, malicious, or outdated open source dependencies. With InnerSource Insight, developers can manage their InnerSource components, see what open source packages theyre dependent on, remediate concerns immediately, and identify safe upgrade paths that wont break builds.

iDenfys Business Verification services will offer custom automatizations in one API, helping businesses to screen other companies and detect criminal activity. According to the images, iDenfy distinguishes whether it is a dormitory, a residential house, a commercial premise, or a luxury office. The new Business Verification services even determine the companys office rental price.

Cohesity released Cohesity FortKnox a SaaS data isolation and recovery solution, adding to the companys Data Management as a Service portfolio of offerings that run on AWS. It is designed to provide an additional layer of off-site protection while simplifying operations and lowering costs compared to magnetic-tape and self-managed data vaults.

Deepfence Cloud, built on the ThreatStryker offering from Deepfence, observes runtime indicators of attack (IoA) and indicators of compromise (IoC) and correlates events to tell the story of each attack as it evolves. With Deepfence Cloud, enterprises can easily tap into ThreatStryker to provide targeted security for their applications against known and unknown threats in real time.

Kasten by Veeam announced the new Kasten by Veeam K10 V5.0 Kubernetes data management platform. Purpose-built for Kubernetes, this latest release is focused on delivering a comprehensive risk management strategy, streamlined CI/CD pipelines and new ecosystem advancement details that optimize and de-risk Kubernetes investments.

Leveraging its proprietary network modeling techniques, Skybox will now quantify the business impact of cyber risks into economic impact. This new financial calculation enables customers to identify and prioritize the most critical threats based on the size of financial impact, among other risk analyses.

Trusona announced Trusona Authentication Cloud, a low-code, cloud-based service that enables users to authenticate without a password using smartphones, laptops and desktop computers. It can also serve as a secure, low-cost replacement for SMS OTP (one-time passcode) authentication.

PIXM Mobile is a cloud-based mobile solution developed with Computer Vision (CV) cybersecurity technology to identify phishing attacks on mobile devices and stop them in real-time, as a user clicks on a malicious link. PIXM Mobile stops phishing on any app, including SMS (smishing), social media, and business collaboration apps, as well as email and web-based phishing pages.

Kingston Digital released the newest addition to its encrypted lineup, IronKey Vault Privacy 80 External SSD (VP80ES). Featuring a color touch-screen and FIPS 197 certified with XTS-AES 256-bit encryption, VP80ES is designed to protect data while also being user-friendly. It also safeguards against Brute Force attacks and BadUSB with digitally-signed firmware for users from small-to-medium businesses (SMB) to content creators.

Corelight Investigator brings complete visibility of the network, both on-premise and in the cloud, with evidence that spans months and years, not days and weeks. Customers can leverage machine learning, behavioral analysis, threat intelligence and signatures, mapped to the MITRE ATT&CK framework, to enable broad coverage of network-centric threats.

SafeGuard Cyber announces the addition of email protection for Microsoft 365 to its security suite of protected communication channels. This new release adds a cyber defense layer to the native security provided within Microsoft 365, giving SOC teams the tools to stop difficult to defend social engineering attacks, insider threats, ransomware intrusion, and other advanced threats across the email channel.

With the Netenrich platform, security ops becomes proactive using a predict and prevent approach in anticipating risky behaviors, disrupting threats and insuring business resilience. Organizations improve their overall security posture while focusing on business growth.

Hunters announced new capabilities in the Hunters SOC Platform to enhance and accelerate security operations workflows for data ingestion and normalization, threat detection, investigation and response. The advances free up data engineers, security engineers and analysts in Security Operations Centers (SOC) to focus on higher value work, such as dealing with threats and challenges unique to their organizations.

Fortinet announced FortiNDR, a new network detection and response offering that leverages artificial intelligence and pragmatic analytics to enable faster incident detection and an accelerated threat response. FortiNDR also features native integrations with the Fortinet Security Fabric as well as API integrations with third-party solutions for a coordinated response to discovered threats to minimize their impact.

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CSUF Engineering Team Selected for Competition to Build Sustainable Home, Address Issues Facing Orange County Housing | CSUF News – CSUF News

A CSUF student and faculty team has been selected to compete in the inaugural Orange County Sustainability Decathlon. Credit: Orange County Sustainability Decathlon 2023

To help solve Californias housing needs through sustainable development, a Cal State Fullerton student and faculty engineering team has been selected to participate in the first-ever Orange County Sustainability Decathlon.

This new collegiate competition challenges young decathletes to design and build housing prototypes that address Californias most vexing problems, including the need for affordable housing and energy efficient homes.

This competition will provide our students with a unique opportunity to work across majors to solve real-world problems of designing and building a sustainable house, said the teams faculty adviser Phoolendra Mishra, chair and associate professor of civil and environmental engineering.

The inaugural competition takes place in October 2023 in Orange County, with dates and site announced soon. Funded by a $5 million grant from the state of California, 18 teams from across the country and China were selected. Other teams selected are from University of California campuses, state and private institutions, community colleges and a vocational school.

The Titan team will design and build a 1,200-square-foot sustainable house. The design will focus on mindful living that includes the latest technologies to promote interconnectedness with the natural environment and support a holistic lifestyle of its occupants, Mishra relayed.

Our aim is to treat the house as a living being, inspired by Japanese culture, he added. Students will come up with innovative ideas to build a modular home that will be assembled at the competition.

Teams accepted into the competition receive $100,000 in one-time seed money toward building costs. The seed money is not expected to cover all the costs, so fundraising by the teams is required.

The College of Engineering and Computer Science plans to raise additional funds needed to meet project costs, said Dean Susan Barua.

Barua called this competition a bold and complex undertaking for the college and a worthwhile project for students.

Participation in the sustainability decathlon provides an exceptional learning experience for our students, Barua said. Its also a great opportunity for faculty and students to engage in collaborative problem-solving and brainstorm solutions to address environmental and economic challenges that California, the U.S. and the world are facing now.

Students from civil engineering, computer engineering, computer science, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering disciplines will be selected this summer and take on this challenge as part of their senior design project, a required course to graduate. They will collaborate with peers in art, business and other majors. College faculty and industry partners will serve as project mentors.

Up against strong competitors, Mishra is confident CSUF students will be motivated to develop out-of-the-box ideas for a sustainable house that meets todays needs without compromising the needs of the next generation.

Our diverse Titan team will bring unique experiences and knowledge that will help us create a state-of-the-art design to win this competition and inspire the future of homebuilding in Southern California.

More information about the competition is available at the decathlon website.

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Rimsys and QualiZeal Announce Strategic Partnership for Quality Engineering Transformation – Business Wire

IRVING, Texas--(BUSINESS WIRE)--QualiZeal, a leading Digital Quality Engineering services company, announced strategic long-term partnership with Pittsburgh-based Rimsys, the leading and only holistic RIM software for MedTech. Rimsys has chosen QualiZeal to help enable their desire to build superior quality products and enhance customer experience.

Through this engagement, QualiZeal will work with Rimsys to establish a world class Quality Engineering organization to help Rimsys deliver superior products with a faster time to market.

Brady Ryba, CTO & Co-Founder, Rimsys RIM (Regulatory Information Management) software systems are becoming increasingly necessary as more and more countries adopt specific market entrance requirements and the global regulatory landscape becomes increasingly complex. This leaves MedTech regulatory professionals on the front lines, responsible for correctly deciphering entrance requirements and coordinating the assembly of complex submission documents. QualiZeal shares our quality vision & values and brings in delivery excellence, quality engineering expertise and willingness to walk extra mile for mutual success. I am sure that this partnership will enrich our customer experience and product quality.

Kote Bipilli, SVP Client Success, QualiZeal, said, We are delighted to be have been selected as the Quality Engineering partner to help Rimsys, the leading holistic RIM software provider, in their digital journey. Leveraging our Global delivery model, Quality Engineering offerings and Assets & Platforms we are committed to drive excellence in transforming their software testing methodology, test organization maturity and user experience of the products.

About Rimsys

Rimsys is on a mission to bring regulatory order to the MedTech industry. The Rimsys Regulatory Information Management (RIM) platform digitizes and automates regulatory activities, freeing teams from inefficient administrative work, and helping them confidently establish and secure global regulatory compliance. Unlike complex, color-coded spreadsheets, or expensive external consultants, Rimsys seamlessly centralizes all regulatory information, automates submission processes, and monitors relevant expirations, standards, and global regulations. Traditional approaches to regulatory affairs cant keep pace with the growing complexity of the global landscape, and overburdened teams face increasing compliance risks. Rimsys streamlines all regulatory activities including registrations, essential principles, UDI, standards management, and regulatory intelligence in a single, integrated platform. Leading global MedTech companies including Johnson & Johnson, Siemens Healthiness, and Omron rely on Rimsys to get new products to market more quickly, and reduce revenue risk of non-compliance, product recalls, and unexpected expirations. For more information, visit http://www.rimsys.io.

About QualiZeal

QualiZeal is a trusted partner for end-to-end, Quality Engineering solutions and services for the digital world. We help our clients tackle quality engineering challenges through our innovative solutions that will help them to harness technological changes and gain a competitive advantage. For more information, visit http://www.qualizeal.com.

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AEP NAMES MARTIN VICE PRESIDENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING, IT OPERATIONS AND SUPPORT – PR Newswire

COLUMBUS, Ohio, May 31, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- American Electric Power (Nasdaq: AEP) has named Steven Martin vice president, Infrastructure Engineering, IT Operations & Support, effective May 30. He reports to Therace Risch, executive vice president and chief information & technology officer.

Martin is responsible for the technology planning and delivery for infrastructure technologies including compute, network, storage and end-user tools. He also oversees technology operations and support.

"AEP continues to transform the way our employees work and implement new technologies to streamline our business, while enhancing the customer experience," Risch said. "Steven's focus on providing reliable, cost-effective, and an easy user experience, as well as his deep expertise in operations and infrastructure engineering, make him a valuable addition to our team. We welcome his leadership and insights as we deliver technology solutions that support AEP's efforts to provide clean, reliable and affordable energy."

Martin joins AEP from JCPenney, where he was vice president of Technology Enterprise Services and led information technology infrastructure, operations, support, and cyber functions and carried the dual role of managing director, JCPenney Services India. Prior to JCPenney, he served as senior director of the Technology Operations Center and senior director of Application Support for Target Corp. Martin also worked at Dell for nearly 13 years in roles of increasing responsibility. He received his bachelor's degree in management information systems from Texas Tech University.

American Electric Power, based in Columbus, Ohio, is powering a cleaner, brighter energy future for its customers and communities. AEP's approximately 16,700 employees operate and maintain the nation's largest electricity transmission system and more than 224,000 miles of distribution lines to safely deliver reliable and affordable power to 5.5 million regulated customers in 11 states. AEP also is one of the nation's largest electricity producers with approximately 31,000 megawatts of diverse generating capacity, including more than 7,100 megawatts of renewable energy. The company's plans include growing its renewable generation portfolio to approximately 50% of total capacity by 2030. AEP is on track to reach an 80% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from 2000 levels by 2030 and has committed to achieving net zero by 2050. AEP is recognized consistently for its focus on sustainability, community engagement, and diversity, equity and inclusion. AEP's family of companies includes utilities AEP Ohio, AEP Texas, Appalachian Power (in Virginia and West Virginia), AEP Appalachian Power (in Tennessee), Indiana Michigan Power, Kentucky Power, Public Service Company of Oklahoma, and Southwestern Electric Power Company (in Arkansas, Louisiana, east Texas and the Texas Panhandle). AEP also owns AEP Energy, which provides innovative competitive energy solutions nationwide. For more information, visit aep.com.

SOURCE American Electric Power

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OPINION: Generative design could bring a new burst of innovation to engineering – Professional Engineering

(Credit: Shutterstock)

For an astronaut working in space, perhaps as far away as 240,000 miles from Planet Earth, the design of the life support backpack that provides them with oxygen, heating and cooling inside of their spacesuits couldnt be more important.

It makes sense, then, that when it came to creating its Exploration Portable Life Support System, or xPLSS, NASA contractor Jacobs Engineering Group wanted to explore new realms in design. Its mission: to squeeze the best performance possible out of every kilogram in its life support backpack.

To arrive at their optimum design, engineers at the Houston, Texas-based company used generative tools in PTCs Creo 3D CAD software to create a huge range of options, experimenting with hundreds of combinations of different materials along the way and investigating the viability of a range of manufacturing processes, both traditional and additive manufacturing.

Not only were they able to achieve part mass reduction of around 50%, but they now expect their use of generative design technology to shorten design times by 20%.

Thats an important point, because while generative design is increasingly recognised as a way to challenge design conventions and cast the innovation net wider, its also about getting to better ideas faster often, a lot faster. And for many product design organisations, that could help unlock new territories and markets in 2022.

According to a study by market research company Imarc Group, the global generative design market reached a value of $192.9 million in 2021. And the company expects it to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of almost 19% over the next five years, to reach $526 million by 2027.

Companies will invest because, as an April 2022 report from strategy firm McKinsey points out: Design is playing an increasingly important role in companies overall success. The reports authors observe a shift from the design to cost approaches that many adopted two decades ago, to a more modern growth by design approach.

This is better equipping companies to tackle various challenges, they write, such as generating growth through improved ratings; refining the product portfolio more surgically at the attribute level to both reduce redundancy (overlaps) and to address unmet needs (gaps); embracing design for manufacturability; and harnessing the latest technology to optimise geometries.

On this last point, the report picks out two technologies in particular: digital simulation tools such as finite element analysis (FEA) and generative design.

Generative design can help fast track these efforts, bringing to light more sustainable materials options; identifying the most energy-efficient forms of manufacture; and reducing the final mass of products (lightweighting), considerably lowering their consumption of energy and raw materials while at the same time improving their technical performance.

In 2022, the combination of innovation and sustainability makes generative design a compelling prospect for companies. At Volvo, its already helping engineers to 3D print brackets for vehicles that are lighter than ever. At Jacobs, it has enabled product design to reach dizzying new heights. And along the way, it is challenging established ideas of what a product should look like, how it should be made and how it should perform, at every stage in its lifecycle, from initial concept to end of life.

Get to grips with the future factory at Advanced Manufacturing (18-22 July), part of the Engineering Futures webinar series.Register for FREE today.

Content published by Professional Engineering does not necessarily represent the views of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.

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TCS recognized as Engineering Services Provider of the Year – Business Standard

By Everest Group

TCS emerged as the #1 player in Engineering Services based on its consistent top performance and leadership position across all five engineering services PEAK Matrix Assessments by - Everest Group - Industry 4.0, Autonomous, Connected, Electric, and Shared (ACES) Automotive, Software Product, Semiconductor and 5G Engineering Services.

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(This story has not been edited by Business Standard staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed.)

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Space Command HQ benefits from Colorado’s universities, scientists and aerospace engineers, say officials – Colorado Public Radio

Colorados universities and robust aerospace workforce are part of the latest pitch to keep Space Command headquarters in Colorado. This time its coming from Rep. Joe Neguse and leaders of Colorado's higher education community.

They have all written Defense Sec. Lloyd Austin and Sec. of the Air Force Frank Kendall to highlight Colorados research and scientific labs that would benefit Space Command.

Colorados universities have been training and fostering this talented pool of aerospace engineers and scientists for decades, writes Neguse. As a former Regent of the University of Colorado system, Ive seen first-hand the important work our universities do to grow and maintain a strong aerospace workforce and I believe Colorado remains the best place for this work to continue.

Neguse stressed that Colorado has the second-largest aerospace economy and workforce, and that keeping Space Command at Peterson Space Force Base would help protect national security.

Neguse's letter echos the sentiments of more than 20 academic leaders, who also wrote the two military leaders highlighting the research capabilities in the state.

Our institutions are at the forefront of the nations leading space research, including studying and advancing the knowledge of our Earth Systems as well as investigating Low-Earth Orbit and beyond, they wrote. Addressing areas of strategic importance, including space domain awareness, unmanned aircraft systems, propulsion, remote sensing and cybersecurity, etc., allows our faculty researchers to assist efforts at the Pentagon and on the front lines to keep us safe and protect our way of life.

They offered to host them at one of their institutions during any future visit to the state.

This is the latest attempt by state leaders to convince the Biden administration to revisit the basing decision for the permanent headquarters of Space Command. Former President Donald Trump reportedly decided to move the headquarters to Alabama, over the recommendation from his military leaders to keep the headquarters in Colorado Springs.

Members of the Colorado Congressional delegation believe that the findings from the GAO Inspector General report will show that the methodology for the basing decision was flawed.

That report has yet to be made public.

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LSU Mechanical Engineering Faculty Team Up With NASA to Advance Additively Manufactured Materials – Bossier Press-Tribune Online

BATON ROUGE Launch vehicles and propulsion systems are very complex and must survive extreme thermal, dynamic, pressure, and environmental loads. The materials and alloys used in these systems are often challenging to produce, costly, and have long lead times. Thanks to a NASA EPSCoR, or Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research, and a Louisiana Board of Regents grant, LSU Mechanical Engineering Professors Shengmin Guo and Michael Khonsari are working with NASA and LaSPACE to advance additively manufactured alloys to help reduce cost and lead times.

Our goal through EPSCoR and other partnerships is to advance technologies, including novel alloys, for our missions and commercial spaceflight partners, said Paul Gradl, NASA principal engineer at Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala. Part of our role is to understand the additive manufacturing processes better and provide accessible data so that NASA and industry can make better use of these processes and novel alloys.

For the past 18 months, Guo and Khonsari have been experimenting with alloys used in liquid rocket engine components made by additive manufacturing, or AM, methods, such as laser powder-bed fusion, or L-PBF, and laser powder-directed energy deposition, or LP-DED, methods. When NASA makes parts using additive manufacturing, the parts cost 50 percent less to produce than parts made with traditional manufacturing, and parts can also be produced two to 10 times faster. Traditional parts can take a year to make, whereas, the same part can be made using AM methods in a few weeks, or for the most complex parts, in a few months.

L-PBF metallic 3D parts are fabricated by sequentially and selectively melting thin powder layers according to CAD-directed laser scanning strategies. Multiple laser line scans form the desired 2D section shape, followed by multiple powder deposition/laser irradiation cycles that generate complex 3D metal/alloy parts. LP-DED allows for large AM parts to be fabricated with a deposition head attached to a robot based on a CAD-directed toolpath.

In this project, Guo, Khonsari and their graduate students conducted thermal and mechanical property measurements on more than 30 AM alloys and processes and established protocols for sample preparation, thermal and mechanical property testing, material characterization and data analysis. Supported by EPSCoR and NASA Marshall, this project will provide NASA and industry with detailed datasets regarding thermophysical properties of the metallic AM parts.

We have a lot of complex parts that have internal features and channels that were traditionally made from multiple joining operations [welding and brazing] to fabricate a component, Gradl said. As additive manufacturing processes and metal alloys mature, we must have good understanding of the properties to design for these additive processes that include mechanical and thermophysical properties.

According to Gradl, the thermophysical properties are a critical element of the design, and NASA required a substantial dataset for materials used in additive manufacturing processes, which is where the EPSCoR grant filled a gap. A key thermophysical property is thermal conductivity, particularly in high-temperature components, such as combustion chambers, where heat transfer is critical for the alloy being used.

This project builds upon the successful results of multiple National Science Foundation grants, Louisiana Board of Regents grants and LSUs investments in material and advanced manufacturing research, Guo said.

Apart from thermal property measurements, this team utilized the LSU Center for Rotating Machinery, or CeRoM, equipment to perform mechanical testing and provide mechanical property measurements using the LSU Shared instrumentation Facility. CeRoM houses state-of-the-art fatigue-testing equipment, including rotating bending, fully-reversed bending, torsion bending and tension compression combined with torsion testing apparatuses.

EPSCoR is excited to be associated with this research, said Jeppie Compton, NASA EPSCoR project manager. What is lab research today will one day be normal business, and with this database of properties that the team did methodical studies on, NASA and our industry partners could have a huge advantage for decades to come.

Guos AM alloy thermophysical property work will also be featured in the appendix of a textbook led by NASA titled Metal Additive Manufacturing for Propulsion Applications. This book will be published by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics under the Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics series.

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