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Artificial Intelligence generated adult content sparks huge controversy with OnlyFans models – Marca

TheRRRealist account known for generating attractive, lifelike women may prove to be a threat to the popular uncensored content platform.

It is a very elaborate CGI image and they could even "talk" to its followers

TheRRRealist has a Twitter account where it shares almost all its content, besides being present in DeviantArt. The account has been getting quite the buzz as it has its own payment website that offers image sets of the different models, as well as a free package.

The threat for some OnlyFans models is that If this virtual content starts to become popular, real models would be at a clear disadvantage, as these models do not suffer from biological impairments, do not get tired, do not get sick, and do not age.

Most recently, Tang Yu, the Artificial Intelligence appointed CEO by NetDragon, managed to increase the company's Hong Kong Stock by 10%, raising the value of the company.

Back in 2018, a robot ran for mayor of a Tokyo district to end corruption, known as Michihito Matsuda, and managed to come in third place with 4,013 votes.

"We believe AI is the future of corporate governance, and our appointment of Miss Tang Yu represents our commitment to truly embrace the use of artificial intelligence to transform the way we operate our business and ultimately drive our future strategic growth," explained NetDragon president Dejian Liu.

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Artificial intelligence could make a difference for young readers around the worldor make literacy even less equitable – Fortune

As a father of two and the board president of an education technology nonprofit, I have my sights set on any opportunity that improves the education ecosystem.

Readingboostsempathy and emotional intelligence. When a child reads, they develop these essential cognitive and social skills, which supports positive social change.

At Worldreader, weve seen how technology presents enormous opportunities to get children reading so they can reach their potential. We have brought reading on low-tech devices to 21 million people in more than 100 countries and demonstrated how digital technology can accelerate reading around the globe.

I spent years helping Microsoft and Amazon become the successes they are now, so I know there is both a Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde in all technology. Generative artificial intelligence (A.I.) is no exception.

A.I. offers extraordinary ways to help readers empathize with others in profound ways. Imagine a child reading a short story about a boy who wakes up in the morning and fakes being sick to avoid going to school. His mom tells him to stay home, but she has to adjust her day and miss work. Now the reader can prompt A.I. to re-write the story to give them the moms perspective in this story. The shift in perspective can build empathy in ways a typical reading experience cannot.

Now picture this: A six-year-old in Michigan reads a book about an unlikely friendship between a lion and a penguin. The arc of the story is not illustrated, but there are five blank panels where the reader can voice her understanding and perception of the story, and A.I. will illustrate it for her. This reader is not only giving her parent and teacher the immediate ability to assess the childs comprehension based on the type of picture portrayed but also interacting and playing with the text in a new wayimportant aspects of becoming a strong reader.

However, many questions persist about misinformation, algorithmic bias, data access issues, ethics, and transparency. School districts from New York to Los Angeles have attempted to ban the use of ChatGPT. The free A.I. bot has been used to generate essays, write, and pass exams. Fears of plagiarism and a departure from critical thinking are just a couple of the qualms the education community has with this technology. The biggest concern may be whether the sources of its knowledge reflect equitable values.

But A.I.s role in education will not stop growing, so we need to harness its power for good. Like the arrival of the calculator in math classes years ago, the tool is not going away. When used in the right way, it can be a friend to educators and an amazing resource for kids, especially when it comes to literacy.

So if A.I. can help children, the next question we must ask ourselves is: Which children? As we take advantage of the benefits, we must consider how this new technology can bring all of us along, not just those who are importantto for-profit companies.

Consider this: Nearly70%of 10 year olds in low and middle-income countries and communities cannot read and understand a simple story. These are our workers and leaders of the future.Numerous studies have shown a strongcorrelationbetween reading engagement and academic success, regardless of family income or parents education level. That dire need can only be addressed with tomorrows tools, including A.I.

At Worldreader, weve spent years using literacy to advance equity by providing vulnerable and underserved children with digital reading solutions. But our and other efforts will be for naught in the absence of A.I. that is equitable. Any A.I. technology must pullfrom diverse datasets representative of the children we work with and a range of backgrounds and experiences. And the tools must be designed forand delivered tocommunities rich and poor, well-served and under-served.

We cant assume that for-profit companies will get this right. Meeting any vulnerable groups needs requires patience, trust, and deep respect, which takes time and resources even when theres no profit in sight. Thats where nonprofit organizations can help. The industry should actively seek outnonprofits and organizations working in underserved communities and establish equitable, fair partnerships that benefit their respective missions.

A.I. will not be inclusive or reach its full potential if underserved communities are not part of the equation. The potential for this technology to dramatically improve education is enormousbut only if we develop it equitably.

David Risher is the CEO of Lyft and the board president and co-founder of Worldreader, an edtech nonprofit that gets children reading so they can reach their potential. It has brought reading on low-tech devices to 21 million people worldwide and aims to help millions more.

The opinions expressed in Fortune.com commentary pieces are solely the views of their authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and beliefs ofFortune.

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How to Get a Six-Figure Job as an AI Prompt Engineer – TIME

A new kind of AI job is emergingand it pays six-figure salaries and doesnt require a degree in computer engineering, or even advanced coding skills.

With the rise in generative artificial intelligence, a host of companies are now looking to hire prompt engineers who are tasked with training the emerging crop of AI tools to deliver more accurate and relevant responses to the questions real people are likely to pose.

Some of these jobs can even pay up to $335,000 a year.

READ MORE: The A to Z of Artificial Intelligence

Anna Bernstein, a 29-year-old prompt engineer at generative AI firm Copy.ai in New York, is one of the few people already working in this new field. Her role involves writing text-based prompts that she feeds into the back end of AI tools so they can do things such as generate a blog post or sales email with the proper tone and accurate information. She doesnt need to write any technical code to do this; instead, she types instructions to the AI model to help refine responses.

There arent many of us prompt engineers, and for a long time it really felt like it was just me, Bernstein says. She joined Copy.ai in September 2021, about a year before OpenAIs ChatGPT went viral for its uncanny ability to generate elegant writing and answer almost any question. At the time, the term prompt engineer didnt exist, and they were unsure whether it was even a role that could exist.

Bernstein, who studied English in college, was a copywriter and historical research assistant before becoming a prompt engineer. I had no tech background whatsoever, she says. But to have a humanities background in this field seems to me like a triumph, especially since part of the point of developing AI is to imitate human thought.

Prompt engineering is now considered one of the hottest tech jobs as companies look for ways to help train and adapt AI tools to get the most out of new large language models, which can provide results that are not always correct or appropriate.

Its part of a dramatic increase in demand for workers who understand and can work with AI tools. According to LinkedIn data shared with TIME, the number of posts referring to generative AI has increased 36-fold in comparison to last year, and the number of job postings containing GPT rose by 51% between 2021 and 2022. Some of these job postings are being targeted to anyone, even those without a background in computer science or tech.

Its too soon to tell how big prompt engineering will become, but a range of companies and industries are beginning to recruit for these positions. Anthropic, a Google-backed AI startup, is advertising salaries up to $335,000 for a Prompt Engineer and Librarian in San Francisco. Applicants must have a creative hacker spirit and love solving puzzles, the listing states. Automated document reviewer Klarity is offering as much as $230,000 for a machine learning engineer who can prompt and understand how to produce the best output from AI tools.

Outside of the tech world, Boston Childrens Hospital and consulting firm Booz Allen Hamilton recently advertised for prompt engineering jobs, with the latter paying up to $212,000 for applicants with more than three years of experience implementing machine learning models. Actor Donald Glover is even looking to hire a prompt engineer and prompt animator at his new creative studio.

But despite the engineering moniker in the job title, Bernstein says she doesnt fully consider herself an engineer. When I first started, we tried to get the term prompt specialists going, she says. Then the term prompt engineer as a noun emerged.

Rob Lennon, an expert in prompt engineering, began teaching paid online courses through Kajabi in December designed to help the average person learn the skills needed for a job in the field. His two courses, which around 2,000 students have already taken, demonstrate how to format and structure prompts for different types of tasks and domains. People are clamoring for this knowledge, Lennon says. Its kind of like first movers advantage. The courses start at $150 and can cost up to $3,970 for custom training and course certification.

But on the other side, some experts believe that the prompt engineering hype will burn out once AI becomes more powerful and capable of generating its own prompts. Ethan Mollick, an associate professor at the University of Pennsylvanias Wharton School, cautions that those looking to become prompt engineers should consider that much is unknown about the future of the industry.

Its not clear that prompt engineering is going to matter long-term because AI programs are getting better at anticipating what users need and generating prompts, he says. We also dont know if theres a special skill involved for prompt engineering or if it just requires a lot of time spent with chatbots.

And the high salaries currently being offered may not last. These are jobs that probably only 500 people could do right now, so there are these insane salaries, Lennon says. But in six months, 50,000 people will be able to do that job. The value of this knowledge is greater today than it will be tomorrow.

Mollick notes that those interested in exploring this field should try experimenting with large language models like GPT+ and Bard to learn their own approach to developing prompts, rather than taking an online course. Thats because AI systems are changing so quickly and the prompts that work today may not work in the future. What I worry about is people thinking that there is a magical secret to prompting, he says.

Given the high interest in AI jobs, Karin Kimbrough, chief economist at LinkedIn, says employers may quickly find that they need to compete with one another to hire talent to fill these emerging open roles, particularly if they continue to focus on hiring applicants with specific degrees or past job titles. Given how late-breaking all of this is, its important to approach these newly developed roles with a skills-first mindset, by focusing on the actual skills required to do the job, she says.

Some may find it suspicious that tech companies are willing to dole out this kind of cash at a time of massive layoffs across the industry. But tech entrepreneurs who champion the power of artificial intelligence believe prompt engineering has the chance to take off and shape the future of automation. The hottest new programming language is English, Andrej Karpathy, Teslas former chief of AI, wrote on Twitter.

Even so, not everyone agrees that prompt engineering will catch on at the six-figure salary levels with few educational requirements currently being offered. The trend has also raised questions about why people with a humanities background are compensated at the same rate as those with a tech background, Bernstein says. Her response: Why not? If theyre contributing as much to the product.

More Must-Reads From TIME

Write to Nik Popli at nik.popli@time.com.

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The Square-Wheel Bicycle Is a Rideable, Beautiful Piece of Engineering – autoevolution

There's no official count for bicycle-related records or world firsts, but if there were, The Q would be at the top of the leaderboard. The Q is Sergii Gordieiev, a self-professed nerd into "science videos and more" with a soft spot for reinvented DIY (do-it-yourself) bicycles. For him, the combination of these two has proved the perfect recipe for getting those world firsts.

Over the years, The Q has delivered some of the strangest contraptions on two wheels you'll likely see anywhere, starting with the most basic, pedal-powered bikes and turning them into noteworthy one-offs with his imagination and refined skills. There's the icycle, a bike that can ride on ice because he swapped the wheels for circular saw blades. There's the bike with wheels made of hot glue gun sticks, which glows in the dark. There's the bike with half-wheels and the hubless fat bike and the examples could continue for a while.

The Q has a knack for strange ideas and, most impressively, for making them into real objects that retain some of the functionality of the original. That last part is the most impressive.

Photo: YouTube / The Q

Where common sense and physics say it can't be done, The Q proves that it can. Take the square-wheel bike as an example, his most recent build and by far "the craziest" project he ever worked on: it's a Crosser fat tire bike (he seems to have a thing for those, too) with homemade wheels that are perfect squares. It doesn't just look very impressive, but it's actually rideable.

The Q even goes as far as to say that it's a fully-functional bicycle, which you can ride normally and even take turns with. Do take a grain of salt with the latter part of that claim because it's highly unlikely that it can do anything more than crawl at a slow speed on even ground, and that too with maximum effort on the rider's part.

Photo: YouTube / The Q

Obviously, since a square can't turn smoothly on the ground, the wheels on this bike don't rotate. Instead, the bike rides on tracks, like a mini-tank on two wheels, with an adapted drivetrain that sends power from the crank to the gears on the outside of each square.

To create the square wheels, The Q built a heavy supporting metal frame, to which he added a spinning gear and a couple of rolling bearings on each side. He added bike chains to the spinning gears, going around the frame, and a new rubber track made up of cut-up pieces from the original bike tire, bolted to the chains, the moving part of the track. With the modified drivetrain, which features two cranks, one for a spinning gear on each wheel, the bicycle can be pedaled into motion.

Photo: YouTube / The Q

It's safe to assume, though, that it wouldn't hold up. The wheels are very heavy, so getting it to move from a standstill is probably hell on your legs, and it will most likely not be able to turn or handle a rougher patch. But it works, and it shows that you can have square wheels on a bike and still have it ride. It's beautiful, too like watching an optical illusion come to life.

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NCCC to offer software engineering course | News, Sports, Jobs – The Adirondack Daily Enterprise

North Country Community Colleges Malone campus recently installed a new sign. The college will soon offer coding classes through a partnership with UpNCoding, a software engineering education company based in Tupper Lake.(Trevor Buchanan/Malone Telegram)

SARANAC LAKE North Country Community College is partnering with Tupper Lake firm UpNCoding to prepare students for careers in the growing software engineering industry, according to a joint press release issued Monday.

According to the release, UpNCoding is both a company and a course that focuses on preparing the next generation of software engineers through education and training. Together, NCCC and UpNCoding will offer a 12-week course, beginning this May, that is designed to provide students with career opportunities across multiple industries with companies of various sizes.

When students complete the course, they will be prepared for modern software interview processes and will be educated in potential entry-level positions from full-stack engineer to machine learning engineer. UpNCoding has been creating a partner network where students would be able to interview for open positions immediately after completion of the course, the release stated.

The course is part of a larger effort by NCCC to identify and meet needs for skilled workers in the North Country, according to Joseph Keegan, president of the school.

Its the kind of jobs that would also permit folks who want stay and make good pay, and work remotely, Keegan told the Telegram on Tuesday. Theres no shortage of jobs.

The course introduces software engineering principles through instruction-led projects and industry standard tools that students will interact with in their future technology careers.

The course will be held at the Saranac Lake campus but students would not need to physically attend those classes, which will meet three times per week for three-hour sessions. The sessions will be available in a HyFlex format with in-person, synchronous online instruction in addition to recorded sessions to allow for flexible learning. All sessions will be taught by one to two industry-experienced instructors.

According to columbia.edu, HyFlex combines the terms hybrid and flexible. Hybrid learning refers to learning that integrates complementary face-to-face (synchronous) and online learning (asynchronous) experiences in service of intended learning objectives.

The emphasis there is on the variability and flexibility of teaching modalities, Keegan explained. You can teach live, people can connect from the campuses, or they can connect remotely from wherever they are.

Dan Preice, CEO of UpNCoding and one of the course instructors, said his firm is excited to be partnering with NCCC, and is excited to bring its teaching method to the school. He said talks about the course have been under way for roughly a year with the college.

While other institutions focus on a front-end app development, UpNCoding is providing a more well-rounded, full-stack education that better addresses the growing needs of the software engineering industry, Preice said in the press release.

North Country Community College will host the course while UpNCoding will provide instruction and the curriculum.

We are excited about our joint initiative with UpNCoding, Sarah Maroun, North Countrys vice president of academic affairs, said in the release. This technical curriculum will provide direct-to-work training with a 12-week program, and we are excited that additional courses are being prepared in topics such as security, devops, microprocessor firmware and artificial intelligence/machine learning to better address the needs of the industry and region.

Preice said his company is committed to meeting those needs.

We saw this was an area that needed more training and expertise and infrastructure, Preice told the Telegram on Tuesday. Thats why we got into it. We saw the need in the north country to bring more technology-based jobs and education. After talking to North Country they were in the same boat, they were looking for something similar.

We formed this direct-to-workforce program that hits the needs of technology in the area, technology in the industry, and helps bring job potential to the area.

To further align the needs of the community, NCCC and UpNCoding are developing a second phase of their relationship with a joint venture to provide software contracting services as a means to introduce resume-building workplace experience to students, the release said.

The course will start on May 22 and continue through Aug. 7 on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays with in-person, live broadcasting, and recording available.

For more information visit http://www.nccc.edu/coding or call 518-891-2915 ext. 1203.

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German engineering production rises at the start of 2023 – VDMA – Reuters

BERLIN, April 17 (Reuters) - Production in Germany's engineering sector rose by 3.2% in the first two months of 2023 compared with the same months last year as supply chain bottlenecks eased considerably, the VDMA engineering association said on Monday.

Despite a solid start to the year, VDMA stuck to its full-year forecast for a 2% drop in production compared with last year.

"The currently slightly improved economic environment will only be reflected in incoming orders and sales in the industry with a time lag," VDMA head Karl Haeusgen said in a statement.

German engineering companies' order books shrank by 17% in January and February, VDMA said, citing a global economic slowdown clouding investors' sentiment.

The shortage of skilled workers is currently the biggest challenge for the industry, which employed 1.018 million people at the end of 2022.

"Many companies would have liked to hire more staff but are being held back by the bottlenecks in the labour market," Haeusgen said.

Reporting by Tom Kaeckenhoff and Riham Alkousaa; Editing by Hugh Lawson

Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

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Forum for Second GSIE Dean Candidate to be Held Today, April 17 – University of Arkansas Newswire

Russell A. Cothren

Dr. Ed Pohl

The second dean candidate for the Graduate School and International Education, Ed Pohl, will hold an open forum from 3:15 - 4 p.m. today, April 17, in the E.J. Ball Courtroom in the Law School.

During the open forum, Pohl will present his vision for the future of the Graduate School and International Education, which will be followed by a question-and-answer session.

The forum is open to the public, and the campus community can attend in person or virtually using Zoom and the information provided below:

A recording willbe available within 24 hours following the presentation at this link for those who are unable to attend in person.

U of A faculty and staff can provide their feedback on the second dean candidate by completing an evaluation form. Faculty and staff must sign in with their university credentials to access the form.

Pohl currently serves as department head of the Department of Industrial Engineering at the U of A. He also holds the Twenty-First Century Professorship in Engineering and is a professor of industrial engineering. Prior to his role as department head, Pohl was director of the Master of Science in Operations Management degree program. Before joining the U of A faculty, Pohl spent 21 years in the United States Air Force, where he served in a variety of engineering, operations analysis and academic positions during his career before retiring as a lieutenant colonel.

As a scholar, Pohl has led research in risk, reliability, engineering optimization, healthcare logistics, and supply chain risk analysis, decision making and quality. He is a fellow of the American Society for Engineering Management, the Institute of Industrial & Systems Engineers and the Society of Reliability Engineers. Pohl is a senior member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and the American Society for Quality. He is a diplomate in the Society of Health Systems. He is also a member of the International Council on Systems Engineering, the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences, and the Association for Health Care Resource & Materials Management.

Pohl received his Ph.D. in systems and industrial engineering from the University of Arizona. He holds an M.S. in systems engineering from the Air Force Institute of Technology, an M.S. in reliability engineering from the University of Arizona, an M.S. in engineering management from the University of Dayton and a B.S. in electrical engineering from Boston University.

For more information on Pohl, view his curriculum vitae.

About the University of Arkansas: As Arkansas' flagship institution, the U of A provides an internationally competitive education in more than 200 academic programs. Founded in 1871, the U of A contributes more than $2.2 billion to Arkansas' economy through the teaching of new knowledge and skills, entrepreneurship and job development, discovery through research and creative activity while also providing training for professional disciplines. The Carnegie Foundation classifies the U of A among the few U.S. colleges and universities with the highest level of research activity. U.S. News & World Report ranks the U of A among the top public universities in the nation. See how the U of A works to build a better world at Arkansas Research News.

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5 Ancient Greek Engineering Inventions Still Used Today – The Collector

The influence of Ancient Greece on the modern world is pervasive, from democratic institutions to classical influences on art and architecture. The ancient civilization also invented a wide range of technologies, some of which are now central to modern life. From the odometer to the gimbal, these ancient Greek engineering inventions are ubiquitous today and have been central to many advancements that followed. Read more below for 5 famous examples of ancient Greek technology still used today.

Born around 287 BCE in the city of Syracuse in Sicily, Archimedes is renowned for a wide range of scientific discoveries and feats of engineering. One of the most famous inventions associated with the Sicilian scientist is the Archimedes Screw. Driven by necessity in his native Syracuse, Archimedes implemented the water screw to remove excess water from the hull of a ship commissioned by King Hiero II. Although Ancient Greek historian Diodorus attributed the invention to Archimedes, Archimedes never claimed to have invented the technology, instead discovering the screw pump visiting Egypt in 234 BCE.

The invention uses a sealed cylinder open at both ends with a screw-like blade. When the cylinder rotates, the device can efficiently lift water submerging the lower opening of the cylinder. This invention could be rotated by hand, operated by a single person creating an efficient process for raising water. Although no longer operated by hand, the Archimedes Screw has many modern applications. Since its invention, the most common application of Archimedes Screw is in irrigation. The technology can raise water from water sources into irrigation ditches providing an efficient water supply for agriculture.

Another modern application of Archimedes screw is as a sustainable technology used to harness hydroelectric power. In this application, the design of the screw is similar, but, rather than raising water, water pours through the screw pushing it into motion and generating kinetic energy. This can be implemented in rivers where water is flowing slowly. As a result of the slow movement of the turbines in low-flowing rivers, a hydrodynamic screw turbine can be integrated well with the natural ecology and aquatic life of a river.

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In 1901 a gearing mechanism was recovered from a shipwreck near the Greek island of Antikythera. Divided into 82 fragments, the mechanism was later analyzed by scientists internationally. The researchers have concluded that the differential gearing mechanism was used to predict astronomical patterns. Various estimates have been put forward for the date of invention between around 100 BCE and 200 BCE. At the earlier end, estimates would align with Rhodian astronomer Hipparchus study of the moons orbit.

This device is the earliest discovered technology of its kind by a significant margin, with the next astronomical clocks invented in England and Italy around 1400 years later. The Antikythera mechanism provides significant insight into technological progress in late Hellenistic Greece. This artifact is the earliest preserved example of gearing discovered in Europe. The complexity of the mechanism and functionality of the device evidence a civilization with an advanced understanding of differential gearing.

Physicist Derek John de Solla Price analyzed the device in 1959 and compared the Antikythera Mechanism to modern analog computers in its efficient calculation functionality. Based on the inscriptions examined on the remaining fragments of the device, users could input a date to receive complex predictions of astronomical patterns.

This is a gearing mechanism with three drive shafts, with the drive shafts on either side of the main shaft rotating at different speeds. This was used to provide angular rotations of the moon and the sun in the Antikythera mechanism. In the early 20th Century, mechanical computers used differential gears to perform calculations. Differential gears are now ubiquitous in a wide range of technologies, with the most common use being in automobiles.

Although there is some contention over the inventor of the odometer, there is a consensus that it was invented around the 3rd Century BCE and widely used throughout the late-Hellenistic Period. Archimedes discussed the concept of an odometer in Measurement of a Circle published in 240 BCE. Much later, Heron of Alexandria described an odometer in his text On the Dioptra.

Evidence for the odometer existing by the end of the Classical Period comes in the distances documented throughout Alexander the Greats conquests. In Ancient Greece, bematists were specialists in measuring distances and land. The distances recorded by Alexander the Greats bematists between Hecatompylos and Alexandria Areion, part of the silk road, were correct to an accuracy of 0.2% over a distance of 527 miles. This level of accuracy indicates that some form of odometer was used to measure distances. While it is not clear what form this odometer may have taken at the beginning of the Hellenistic Period, by the start of the Roman era, it was clear that a chariot or cart fitted with a gearing system was used to measure distances.

This technology formed a crucial component of Romes Empire as it was central to building roads and working out supply requirements for military campaigns. Archimedes calculations in his 60 BCE text Measurement of a Circle still apply to odometers used in cars today, using the wheels number of rotations and circumference to measure the distance traveled.

The first known description of a gimbal appeared by Philo of Byzantium toward the end of the 3rd Century BCE. Born in Byzantium and later living in Alexandria, Philos texts include the first known descriptions of a number of other engineering inventions, including the water mill and a chain drive used to reload a repeating crossbow. Philos thermoscope is also a predecessor to the thermometer used today.

Philos description of a gimbal described an inkwell mounted within an eight-sided pot with holes in each side. The inkwell was mounted within a number of metal rings on different axes meaning that at any angle the pot was rotated, the inkwell remained upright. This meant the ink would not run out of the holes, and the pot could be placed on any side. This use of a pivoted support that allows external rotation whilst keeping the support item upright is now used in a wide range of contexts.

One example where this is used is in stabilizing cameras. 3-axis gimbals maintain a cameras stability and axis while the camera is moved by the operator. Gimbaled thrusts were used in most rockets to control the spacecrafts direction. Using two axes rather than three, this gimbal allows the exhaust nozzle to change direction. Philos text, the Pneumatics, which describes the inkpot gimbal, has been regarded by some historians as edited in a 9th Century Arabic translation.

However, a recent analysis of the translation demonstrates it is likely to be credible as it included Greek characters, which had not been used for almost 800 years at the time of the translation. Roman author Athenaeus Mechanicus described a device similar to a gimbal in his text On Machines composed in the 1st Century BCE, demonstrating that this technology had been developed further by the beginning of the Roman era.

The first elevator, built by Archimedes around 236 BCE, was described by Roman Architect Vitruvius. The elevator was described as using a pulley system around a drum powered by a rotating capstan operated by hand. The use of pulleys and winch systems was well-documented in Ancient Greece and was responsible for many of the architectural achievements of the time. Archimedes is considered to have invented the first compound pulley, with the earliest account of winch systems found in a text by the Greek historian Herodotus.

These pulleys were used in a wide range of contexts, using leverage to lift heavy objects in constructing some of Ancient Greeces most impressive structures. While pulleys are known to have existed around the 12th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, the introduction of the compound pulley by Archimedes helped increase the mechanical leverage of this invention. A compound pulley combines a fixed and movable pulley to increase this mechanical advantage.

Grooves found cut into the stones at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi indicate that pulley systems were implemented with cranes in Ancient Greece as early as the 7th Century BCE. With some blocks in this temple weighing almost 400kg, some form of a crane was almost certainly needed to make this project possible. The Romans adopted this developed use of winches, pulleys, and cranes in some of the most recognizable architectural feats of the ancient world.

From the fascinating Antikythera Mechanism to the odometer and the gimbal, and from the elevator to the screw of Archimedes, these ancient Greek engineering inventions are ubiquitous today and have been central to many advancements that followed.

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Nuclear engineering department head receives Fusion Technology … – Pennsylvania State University

UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. Jean Paul Allain, department head and Huck Chair Professor of Nuclear Engineering at Penn State, was named this years recipient of the Institutes of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society (NPSS)s Fusion Technology Award, presented by the Fusion Technology Committee. He will be presented with the award during the Symposium on Fusion Engineering, held July 9-13 in Oxford, England.

The award is given to recognize outstanding contributions to research and development in the field of fusion technology, according to the IEEE-NPSS website.

Fusion technology harnesses energy produced via fusion nuclear reactions, which require a plasma, the fourth state of matter, to enable subatomic particles to reconstitute themselves. Allains contributions to the field of fusion technology include discoveries related to the interactions of fusion plasma and low-energy ions with material surfaces as well as the role surface chemistry plays in plasma-material interactions.

One of the most significant design challenges for materials performance exposed to extreme environments for example, heat, pressure and radiation is maintaining structural integrity while preventing or minimizing long-term damage, Allain said. In a fusion nuclear reactor, the expected operational environment is inherently extreme. The plasma-material interface is a critical region for design. Controlling the architecture in advanced materials to tailor properties beyond structure and composition has provided a new paradigm in modern materials design.

Allains contributions to the science and technology of surface chemistry in fusion have culminated in more than 50 peer-reviewed articles on the subject out of more than 160 total peer-reviewed articles authored by Allain. He has contributed to the engineering design and integration of plasma-material interface diagnostic systems in several fusion and high-intensity plasma systems.

Materials and their interactions with intense plasmas has been recognized as one of the key challenges to achieve practical nuclear fusion energy, said IEEE NPSS Fusion Technology Committee Chairperson Martin Nieto-Perez, who is also an associate teaching professor in the Penn State Ken and Mary Alice Lindquist Department of Nuclear Engineering. Dr. Allain, during his prolific career, has made important contributions to both the development of materials and a better understanding of how they interact with the plasma edge in nuclear fusion devices. It is a very well-deserved award.

Allain said hes honored both to receive this award and to be able to contribute to the progress of the field at such a critical time.

This decade is one of the most exciting times for nuclear fusion energy, with over $4 billion of private investment in nuclear fusion startups, the achievement of nuclear fusion ignition demonstrated at the National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and President Bidens announcement of hisBold Decadal Vision in 2022to support fusion technology development towards a fusion pilot plant in the 2030s, Allain said. Realizing carbon-free nuclearfusion energyremains one of the outstanding grand challenges of our time a seemingly limitless energy source using deuterium extracted from seawater as fuel and producing little to no radioactive waste.

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Nuclear engineering department head receives Fusion Technology ... - Pennsylvania State University

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UC engineering co-op medalist is company’s first in Portugal – University of Cincinnati

Although Miskovic was at one company for all five of his co-op rotations, he received a wide variety of work experience in many departments at Leoni. In Portugal, he had three main roles: manufacturing, costing and designing.

In manufacturing, he worked as an operator performing tasks including assembly and assisting manufacturing engineers with improving manufacturing times. In costing, he used his operator experience to provide estimates of labor and materials required to create customers wiring harnesses. In designing, he took customer designs and created internal 2D drawings that fit Leoni standards and specifications. Working in different areas of the company gave him a complete view of what Leoni does.

UC students often choose to work for multiple companies during their five co-op rotations, but two things kept Miskovic at Leoni: opportunities and connections. Working with Caterpillar, being the first co-op at Leoni Portugal and traveling to the United Kingdom on a customer visit were some of these opportunities.

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UC engineering co-op medalist is company's first in Portugal - University of Cincinnati

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