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Achieving superconductivity at high temperatures – TechNative

April 17, 2023 | Author: admin

Investigating quantum properties of lead-halide perovskites under practical conditions

According to Fortune Business Insights, the quantum computing market is projected to grow from $486 million in 2021 to $3.18 billion in 2028. This growth is expected as the demand increases for devices that can manipulate electrical currents and optical fields to store energy, process information, communicate and transfer data. Here, Professor Kenan Gundogdu, head of the quantum division at nanotechnology expert NextGen Nano, explores recent breakthroughs in quantum states and how this can be used in the design of novel materials for emerging technologies.

When we hear the term quantum mechanics, we immediately think about complex scientific theorems and prominent physicists like Professor Stephen Hawking. We dont tend to think about how quantum physics affects our daily lives. Advancements in computing, for example, have relied on the quantum wave-like behaviour of electrons and their ability to move through certain materials. Even your toaster displays the Quantum Hypothesis, where light is emitted from the heating element, which glows bright red when hot.

These principles are generally well known and understood. However, studying some macroscopic quantum states, like superconductivity and superfluourescence, isnt straightforward. Generally, these states can only be observed in cryogenic temperatures around -260 degrees Celsius. Because of this, adopting quantum technology is hindered by the challenge of developing quantum materials functioning at pragmatic temperatures.

Lets discuss some recent advancements and how results might affect future innovations in technology.

Superconductivity at high temperatures

Recent superconductor research, or materials that conduct electricity without any energy loss, has yielded promising results. Through a mechanism called the quantum analogue of vibration isolation (QAVI), where small excitations are observed from ambient disturbances, some quantum properties can be observed at unusually high temperatures. For example, the QAVI mechanism was observed in lead-halide perovskites, protecting quantum states from temperature-induced effects and ambient noise. This resulted in superfluorescence, observed in these perovskites at room temperature.

It has also been suggested that altering a materials chemical composition will influence superconductivity. For instance, in the perovskite example, the QAVI mechanism was observed using heavier atoms, which altered the perovskites chemical structure.

Superconductors can be used in a variety of emerging technologies, including quantum information technologies to medical devices like MRI scanners. Therefore, understanding this fundamental quantum protection mechanism offers significant potential for developing quantum technologies functioning under practical conditions.

The research has certainly yielded interesting results, but what does the future hold for superconductors?

Well, for NextGen Nanos Quantum Division, the focus will be in two directions. Firstly, efforts to manipulate materials, creating new, lower bandgap materials will increase. Band gap reduction is important for establishing quantum properties because doping the material with charge carriers increases the conductivity.

Finally, the role of crystal size in observing superfluorescence should also be a focus. Previous studies have shown that superfluorescence is observed in perovskite nanocrystals, a phenomenon previously limited to some gases and a few exotic materials. With more research, this quantum state could be used to boost the performances of light sources, optoelectronic devices, and many other quantum technologies.

About the Author

Professor Kenan Gundogdu is head of the quantum division at nanotechnology expert NextGen Nano. NextGen Nanos mission is the efficient creation and use of energy whilst reducing all reliance on pollutants and finite materials, and thus having a deliberate positive environmental impact. The company has three main divisions: organic solar, organic displays and superfluorescence for quantum computing

Featured image: Siarhei

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Between swing dancing and writing papers on theoretical physics … – The San Diego Union-Tribune

April 17, 2023 | Author: admin

When Frank R. Tangherlini walks into a Lindy hop event, other dancers immediately take notice and smile. They walk over to greet him, sit and chat as he changes into his dance shoes and partner with him as he cuts a rug on the floor.

Last month during Tangherlinis birthday jam a tradition where other Lindy hoppers take turns cutting in to dance with the person of honor a steady stream of followers made sure they could each groove with him to a few bars of music. That celebratory dance was for his 99th birthday.

Frank R. Tangherlini, right, poses for a photo with his younger brother Burt Tangherlini during World War II, as seen in a poster board displayed during Franks 99th birthday party during First Saturday Swing at Infinity Dance Sport Center in Kearny Mesa on March 4, 2023.

(Lauren J. Mapp / The San Diego Union-Tribune)

For years, Tangherlini has been a staple in the San Diego scene for Lindy hop, a style of dance created in Harlem during the late 1920s that gained popularity in the 1930s and 1940s. While Lindy hop spread around the world, the United States joined World War II.

As the conflict grew, many of Tangherlinis friends who he grew up with in Boston were drafted. Although he was exempt because he was an electrical engineering student at Boston College, he volunteered for the draft and enlisted in the Army.

Some of the kids I had grown up with had been drafted, and I didnt feel it was right that theyd be risking their life and I was getting by because I was a little better in mathematics than they were I felt it was only fair, he said.

Tangherlini fought in the Battle of the Bulge and the Battle of Alsace as part of the 101st Airborne Division.

He fondly remembers a windy day of parachute training where a second lieutenant jumped before everyone else to make sure it was safe. Once he landed, Tangherlini and the rest of the trainees followed, but they couldnt find him again until hours later.

Finally at midnight they found him in a pub. After that, we all want to be jumped as dummies, he said.

In recognition of his birthday last month, he received a proclamation from the San Diego City Council designating March 14 as Dr. Frank Tangherlini Day. The council members cited his service in World War II, contributions to the field of science and years of living in San Diego.

Carrie Shah (left), representative for Councilmember Joe LaCava, and Alana Austin (center), representative for Councilmember Kent Lee, give Frank R. Tangherlini a proclamation in honor of his 99th birthday outside his home in University City on March 23, 2023.

(Lauren J. Mapp / The San Diego Union-Tribune)

Because he shares a birthday with Albert Einstein, maybe it was inevitable that Tangherlini would go into the field of theoretical physics. When the war ended, he returned to college and earned his bachelors degree in physics from Harvard University in 1948. He later earned a masters degree from the University of Chicago and his doctorate from Stanford University.

Tangherlini and his ex-wife raised four sons in Worcester, Mass. He now has eight grandchildren ranging in age from 12 to 31.

Over the course of his career, Tangherlini held research teaching positions at several prestigious universities, including the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Duke University and George Washington University. He retired from the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester in 1994, becoming an associate professor emeritus.

Soon after, he moved to San Diego to be close to his younger brother, Burt Tangherlini. The two brothers would regularly attend the weekly Firehouse Swing Dance, and he supported Burt through a quadruple bypass surgery and other health conditions until his brothers death five years ago at age 90.

Erin Roos, who co-owns The Firehouse Swing Dance along with her husband, recalls dancing with Tangherlini when she first moved to San Diego.

Each year, his birthday is celebrated at The Firehouse with cake and ice cream, but Roos said he motivates other dancers in the scene throughout the year.

Beyond just swing dancing, I think its great just to be able to have a hobby that you love and enjoy so much that you can continue to do it until youre 99, she said. In the swing dance scene, I think he represents joy. You look at people watching him dance, and theyre just happy.

Frank Tangherlini, a 99-year-old World War II veteran and retired professor, dances with Elizabeth Nichols during a weekly Firehouse Swing Dance event in San Diego on Wednesday, April 05, 2023. (Hayne Palmour IV / For The San Diego Union-Tribune)

(Hayne Palmour IV / For The San Diego Union-Tribune)

Just as Tangherlini inspires many on the dance floor, hes also an inspiration to scientists around the world.

His research in the field of theoretical physics has spanned decades and covered topics such as black holes, the velocity of light, dimensionality of space and relativity and quantum mechanics. A 1963 paper Tangherlini wrote on why space has three dimensions has been cited 1,069 times to date, including in 58 papers last year alone.

He also inspired a young woman and fellow dancer to become an engineer.

When University City resident Cami Asher first started Lindy hopping at 16, Tangherlini was a friendly face who made navigating a new social scene less intimidating.

Because he worked in education, he was really good at scaffolding his dances to appropriately meet the dancer at what level they were at, Asher said. I think that thats a unique skill that Frank brought because he had, even at his age, a wide breadth of of moves. He was able to make every dance incredibly welcoming because I didnt need to know everything.

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SAN DIEGO, CA - APRIL 05, 2023: Frank Tangherlini, a 99-year-old World War II veteran and retired professor, dances with Cami Asher, 24, during a weekly Firehouse Swing Dance event in San Diego on Wednesday, April 05, 2023. (Hayne Palmour IV / For The San Diego Union-Tribune) (Hayne Palmour IV/For The San Diego Union-Tribune)

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SAN DIEGO, CA - APRIL 05, 2023: Frank Tangherlini, a 99-year-old World War II veteran and retired professor, dances with Cami Asher, 24, during a weekly Firehouse Swing Dance event in San Diego on Wednesday, April 05, 2023. (Hayne Palmour IV / For The San Diego Union-Tribune) (Hayne Palmour IV/For The San Diego Union-Tribune)

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SAN DIEGO, CA - APRIL 05, 2023: Frank Tangherlini, a 99-year-old World War II veteran and retired professor, dances with Cami Asher, 24, during a weekly Firehouse Swing Dance event in San Diego on Wednesday, April 05, 2023. (Hayne Palmour IV / For The San Diego Union-Tribune) (Hayne Palmour IV/For The San Diego Union-Tribune)

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SAN DIEGO, CA - APRIL 05, 2023: Frank Tangherlini, a 99-year-old World War II veteran and retired professor, watches other swing dancers during a weekly Firehouse Swing Dance event in San Diego on Wednesday, April 05, 2023. (Hayne Palmour IV / For The San Diego Union-Tribune) (Hayne Palmour IV/For The San Diego Union-Tribune)

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SAN DIEGO, CA - APRIL 05, 2023: Frank Tangherlini, a 99-year-old World War II veteran and retired professor, dances with Cami Asher, 24, during a weekly Firehouse Swing Dance event in San Diego on Wednesday, April 05, 2023. (Hayne Palmour IV / For The San Diego Union-Tribune) (Hayne Palmour IV/For The San Diego Union-Tribune)

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SAN DIEGO, CA - APRIL 05, 2023: Frank Tangherlini, a 99-year-old World War II veteran and retired professor, dances with Mollie Davis during a weekly Firehouse Swing Dance event in San Diego on Wednesday, April 05, 2023. (Hayne Palmour IV / For The San Diego Union-Tribune) (Hayne Palmour IV/For The San Diego Union-Tribune)

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SAN DIEGO, CA - APRIL 05, 2023: Frank Tangherlini, a 99-year-old World War II veteran and retired professor, gets a hug from Cami Asher, 24, after they danced together during a weekly Firehouse Swing Dance event in San Diego on Wednesday, April 05, 2023. (Hayne Palmour IV / For The San Diego Union-Tribune) (Hayne Palmour IV/For The San Diego Union-Tribune)

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SAN DIEGO, CA - APRIL 05, 2023: Frank Tangherlini, a 99-year-old World War II veteran and retired professor, dances with Elizabeth Nichols during a weekly Firehouse Swing Dance event in San Diego on Wednesday, April 05, 2023. (Hayne Palmour IV / For The San Diego Union-Tribune) (Hayne Palmour IV/For The San Diego Union-Tribune)

Over time, the pair bonded over their shared interest in engineering, and he started bringing Asher scientific papers to read so they could discuss them the following week.

As she prepared for college, it was a recommendation letter written by Tangherlini that helped her get accepted to California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo to pursue a degree in chemical engineering.

Asher, now 24, continues to draw inspiration from the theoretical physicist who decades after retiring from teaching continues to make significant contributions through his research and publications.

Frank highlights everything good about continuing to acquire knowledge and push the boundaries of what knowledge and exploration of your interests can be throughout your life, she said.

Most recently, hes been particularly interested in researching and publishing papers on wildfire management. In 2021, his paper on using catapults with water-filled containers to put out fires as a safer alternative to sending firefighters into wildfires to extinguish them from the inside was published in the Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology.

Frank Tangherlini, a 99-year-old World War II veteran and retired professor, at a weekly Firehouse Swing Dance event in San Diego on Wednesday, April 05, 2023.

(Hayne Palmour IV / For The San Diego Union-Tribune)

When he isnt swing dancing, Tangherlini stays active by taking walks around his neighborhood and chatting with his friends. Hes proud to have recently renewed his drivers license, which will remain active until he turns 104.

The secret to Tangherlinis longevity? He attributes it to a diet primarily based on fish and vegetables.

With a newly replaced pacemaker, hes hoping to continue dancing and writing for the foreseeable future.

I am working on dark matter right now, so I have plenty to do intellectually I could write a half a dozen papers, Tangherlini said.

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Each of our bodies is proof of Einstein’s equation – Big Think

April 17, 2023 | Author: admin

Science has confirmed that matter is indeed made of energy fields. That means you are an energy field but not the chakras or auras kind. Were not talking about the stuff you find in the alternative medicine section of the indie bookstore.

So, what are we talking about? We all know that matter is made of molecules and atoms. In turn, atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons (which we can lump together and rebrand as nucleons) are made of smaller particles still called quarks. Thus, electrons and quarks are the building blocks of matter.

There are two properties that define matter size and mass and both of these are determined at the subatomic level by energy and a related concept called force fields. Lets take a look at both of these in turn.

When we talk about how matter is assembled, the most familiar building block is the atom. Gather together the right number and kinds of atoms (like oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon) and you can build a human body.

Atoms are mostly empty space. They consist of a tiny nucleus containing the nucleons (protons and neutrons), surrounded by clouds of electrons. The nucleus makes up only about one-trillionth the volume of the atom, and the electron clouds make up the rest. But the electrons are also tiny, so the clouds are mostly empty space, too. (Scientists speak of electron clouds because, according to quantum mechanics, an electron is simultaneously everywhere and only manifests in a single location when the atom interacts with its surrounding environment.)

But an atoms empty space isnt entirely empty. It is filled with an electromagnetic field, which ties the electrons to the nucleus. An atoms size is thus ultimately determined by how close or far the electron cloud is to the nucleus. Bigger atoms have more electrons and bigger clouds that stretch farther away from the nucleus.

Nucleons are about 2,000 times heavier than electrons. So, your mass what causes the bathroom scale to read higher than youd like resides in your protons and neutrons. Since protons and neutrons are made of quarks, you would think that quarks would themselves be massive, but thats not true. The mass of quarks only makes up about 2% the mass of nucleons. So, where does the mass come from?

Like many things in subatomic science, we must turn to Albert Einstein and his famous equation, E = mc2. Quarks move very fast indeed, at a substantial fraction of the speed of light. This means they have a lot of moving energy, what we call kinetic energy.

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But those nucleons that are made of quarks are incredibly tiny. They are basically spheres with a radius of about one-quadrillionth of a meter. The only way to keep these fast-moving quarks confined to a tiny sphere is through an incredibly strong force what scientists unimaginatively named the strong force. Strong forces equate to a lot of energy, in this case potential energy.

Incredibly, what this all means is that 98% of the mass that makes up you and indeed all matter isnt stuff. Instead, its a combination of kinetic (moving) and potential (binding) energy inside the nucleons. Remember, Einsteins equation tells us that mass and energy are equivalent, so that enormous amount of energy inside the nucleons is what makes up the vast majority of our mass.

This is a staggering, mind-twisting conclusion. Rather than the intuitive idea that you are solid and made of massive atoms, much like how grains of sand make up a sandbag, you are instead mostly empty space.If you were somehow able to take a snapshot of all the atoms in your body, identifying the location of every atom, you would find empty space filled with a smattering of electrons and atomic nuclei, held together by electromagnetic energy.

Each of us proves Einsteins equation simply because we exist.

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Each of our bodies is proof of Einstein's equation - Big Think

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Harnessing Quantum Computing for Financial Analysis and Risk Management – Finance Magnates

April 17, 2023 | Author: admin

Quantumcomputing is a relatively new technology that has the potential torevolutionize the way financial analysis and risk management is conducted.Traditional computing is based on classical physics, whereas quantum computingis based on quantum mechanics.

Quantumcomputing is expected to provide a significant increase in processing power,which can be used to solve complex problems that are currently impossible tosolve using classical computing.

This articlewill explore the development of quantum computing for financial analysis andrisk management.

Quantumcomputing is a type of computing that is based on the principles of quantummechanics. In classical computing, the basic unit of information is the bit,which can have a value of either 0 or 1.

Keep Reading

In quantumcomputing, the basic unit of information is the qubit, which can have a valueof 0, 1, or both at the same time. This property of qubits, known assuperposition, allows quantum computers to perform certain calculations muchfaster than classical computers.

One of the keyadvantages of quantum computing for financial analysis and risk management isits potential to improve the accuracy of models used to predict market trendsand assess risk.

For example,quantum computers can be used to analyze large amounts of financial data andidentify patterns that may not be visible using classical computing. This canhelp financial institutions make better investment decisions and manage riskmore effectively.

Anotheradvantage of quantum computing is its potential to significantly reduce thetime required to perform complex calculations. For example, quantum computerscan be used to perform Monte Carlo simulations much faster than classicalcomputers.

Monte Carlosimulations are commonly used in financial analysis and risk management tomodel the behavior of complex systems and assess risk.

One of the mostpromising use cases for quantum computing in financial analysis and riskmanagement is portfolio optimization.

Portfoliooptimization involves finding the optimal mix of assets that maximizes returnswhile minimizing risk. This is a complex problem that can be solved usingquantum computing.

Another usecase for quantum computing in financial analysis and risk management is creditrisk analysis. Credit risk analysis involves assessing the risk of default byborrowers. This is a complex problem that can be solved using quantumcomputing.

Quantumcomputing can also be used to improve fraud detection in the financial sector.Fraud detection involves analyzing large amounts of financial data to identifypatterns that may indicate fraudulent activity. This is a time-consumingprocess that can be made more efficient using quantum computing.

While thepotential benefits of quantum computing for financial analysis and riskmanagement are significant, there are also several challenges to its adoption.

One of the keychallenges is the high cost of quantum computing hardware. Quantum computersare currently expensive to build and operate, which limits their availabilityto only a few large financial institutions.

Anotherchallenge is the shortage of skilled quantum computing professionals. Thedevelopment and use of quantum computing require a high level of expertise inboth quantum mechanics and computer science.

This shortageof skilled professionals could limit the adoption of quantum computing infinancial analysis and risk management.

Finally, thereis also the challenge of developing quantum algorithms that are tailored to thespecific needs of financial analysis and risk management. Developing thesealgorithms requires a deep understanding of financial markets and riskmanagement, as well as quantum computing.

Despite thechallenges to its adoption, the future of quantum computing in financialanalysis and risk management looks promising. As technology advances,quantum computers are expected to become more affordable and more widelyavailable, which will increase their use in the financial sector.

Moreover, thereare already several initiatives underway to develop quantum algorithms forfinancial analysis and risk management. For example, IBM has developed aquantum algorithm for portfolio optimization, and several other companies andresearch institutions are working on developing quantum algorithms for otherfinancial applications.

In addition tothese initiatives, there is also a growing interest among financialinstitutions in exploring the potential of quantum computing. Several largefinancial institutions, including JPMorgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, and Citigroup,have established partnerships with quantum computing companies to explore thepotential of the technology.

Quantumcomputing, a cutting-edge field of computer science, has the potential torevolutionize various industries, including financial analysis and riskmanagement. However, like with any other emerging technology, quantum computing has its pros and cons in the context of financial analysis and riskmanagement.

Quantumcomputers can process information in parallel using quantum bits or qubits,allowing them to perform calculations that are exponentially faster thanclassical computers for certain tasks. This increased computational power canpotentially enable financial analysts to perform complex calculations, such asoptimization problems, portfolio simulations, and pricing derivatives, in afraction of the time it takes classical computers. This could significantlyspeed up financial analysis and risk management processes, leading to moreefficient decision-making.

Risk managementis a critical aspect of financial analysis, and quantum computing has thepotential to enhance risk assessment and mitigation strategies. Quantumcomputers can perform sophisticated simulations and optimizations that can helpfinancial institutions better understand and manage risk. For example, quantumcomputers can efficiently simulate large-scale market scenarios, model complexfinancial instruments, and optimize risk portfolios, leading to more accurate riskassessments and better risk management strategies.

Quantumcomputing has the potential to enhance encryption and security infinancial systems. Quantum computers can break many of the currently usedcryptographic algorithms, which rely on the difficulty of certain mathematicalproblems that can be efficiently solved by quantum computers, such as factoringlarge numbers using Shor's algorithm. However, quantum computing can also offernew cryptographic methods, such as quantum key distribution, which can providesecure communication channels for financial transactions. This couldpotentially improve the security of financial systems and protect against cyberthreats.

Quantumcomputers are still in the early stages of development, and building andmaintaining quantum hardware is extremely challenging and expensive. Thetechnology required for quantum computing is highly specialized and not easilyaccessible, limiting its adoption in financial institutions, especially forsmaller firms. Additionally, quantum computers are not yet scalable, andbuilding large-scale quantum computers with thousands of qubits remains a significanttechnical hurdle. This makes it difficult for widespread adoption in financialanalysis and risk management.

While quantumcomputing holds great promise for certain financial applications, it may not beapplicable to all areas of financial analysis and risk management. Manyfinancial tasks, such as simple calculations, data management, and basic riskassessments, can be efficiently handled by classical computers. Quantumcomputers are most effective for solving specific problems, such asoptimization, simulation, and cryptography, and may not offer significantadvantages in other areas of financial analysis and risk management.Identifying suitable applications for quantum computing in the financial domainand integrating them into existing workflows may require significant effort andexpertise.

Quantumcomputing is still an area of active research, and many aspects of thetechnology are not fully understood. Quantum systems are highly sensitive totheir environment and can be easily disrupted by external factors, leading toerrors and uncertainties in computations. This makes it challenging to ensurethe reliability and accuracy of quantum computations, which are criticalrequirements in financial analysis and risk management. Additionally, there arerisks associated with the potential of quantum computers to break currentcryptographic methods, which could have significant implications for thesecurity of financial systems.

In conclusion,quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize the way financial analysisand risk management are conducted. The technology has several advantages overclassical computing, including the ability to perform complex calculations muchfaster and more accurately.

However, thereare several challenges to the adoption of quantum computing in thefinancial sector, including the high cost of hardware and the shortage ofskilled professionals. Despite these challenges, the future of quantumcomputing in financial analysis and risk management looks promising, and it islikely that we will see increasing use of the technology in the coming years.

Financialinstitutions that are able to leverage the power of quantum computing will havea significant competitive advantage over those that do not.

Quantumcomputing is a relatively new technology that has the potential torevolutionize the way financial analysis and risk management is conducted.Traditional computing is based on classical physics, whereas quantum computingis based on quantum mechanics.

Quantumcomputing is expected to provide a significant increase in processing power,which can be used to solve complex problems that are currently impossible tosolve using classical computing.

This articlewill explore the development of quantum computing for financial analysis andrisk management.

Quantumcomputing is a type of computing that is based on the principles of quantummechanics. In classical computing, the basic unit of information is the bit,which can have a value of either 0 or 1.

Keep Reading

In quantumcomputing, the basic unit of information is the qubit, which can have a valueof 0, 1, or both at the same time. This property of qubits, known assuperposition, allows quantum computers to perform certain calculations muchfaster than classical computers.

One of the keyadvantages of quantum computing for financial analysis and risk management isits potential to improve the accuracy of models used to predict market trendsand assess risk.

For example,quantum computers can be used to analyze large amounts of financial data andidentify patterns that may not be visible using classical computing. This canhelp financial institutions make better investment decisions and manage riskmore effectively.

Anotheradvantage of quantum computing is its potential to significantly reduce thetime required to perform complex calculations. For example, quantum computerscan be used to perform Monte Carlo simulations much faster than classicalcomputers.

Monte Carlosimulations are commonly used in financial analysis and risk management tomodel the behavior of complex systems and assess risk.

One of the mostpromising use cases for quantum computing in financial analysis and riskmanagement is portfolio optimization.

Portfoliooptimization involves finding the optimal mix of assets that maximizes returnswhile minimizing risk. This is a complex problem that can be solved usingquantum computing.

Another usecase for quantum computing in financial analysis and risk management is creditrisk analysis. Credit risk analysis involves assessing the risk of default byborrowers. This is a complex problem that can be solved using quantumcomputing.

Quantumcomputing can also be used to improve fraud detection in the financial sector.Fraud detection involves analyzing large amounts of financial data to identifypatterns that may indicate fraudulent activity. This is a time-consumingprocess that can be made more efficient using quantum computing.

While thepotential benefits of quantum computing for financial analysis and riskmanagement are significant, there are also several challenges to its adoption.

One of the keychallenges is the high cost of quantum computing hardware. Quantum computersare currently expensive to build and operate, which limits their availabilityto only a few large financial institutions.

Anotherchallenge is the shortage of skilled quantum computing professionals. Thedevelopment and use of quantum computing require a high level of expertise inboth quantum mechanics and computer science.

This shortageof skilled professionals could limit the adoption of quantum computing infinancial analysis and risk management.

Finally, thereis also the challenge of developing quantum algorithms that are tailored to thespecific needs of financial analysis and risk management. Developing thesealgorithms requires a deep understanding of financial markets and riskmanagement, as well as quantum computing.

Despite thechallenges to its adoption, the future of quantum computing in financialanalysis and risk management looks promising. As technology advances,quantum computers are expected to become more affordable and more widelyavailable, which will increase their use in the financial sector.

Moreover, thereare already several initiatives underway to develop quantum algorithms forfinancial analysis and risk management. For example, IBM has developed aquantum algorithm for portfolio optimization, and several other companies andresearch institutions are working on developing quantum algorithms for otherfinancial applications.

In addition tothese initiatives, there is also a growing interest among financialinstitutions in exploring the potential of quantum computing. Several largefinancial institutions, including JPMorgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, and Citigroup,have established partnerships with quantum computing companies to explore thepotential of the technology.

Quantumcomputing, a cutting-edge field of computer science, has the potential torevolutionize various industries, including financial analysis and riskmanagement. However, like with any other emerging technology, quantum computing has its pros and cons in the context of financial analysis and riskmanagement.

Quantumcomputers can process information in parallel using quantum bits or qubits,allowing them to perform calculations that are exponentially faster thanclassical computers for certain tasks. This increased computational power canpotentially enable financial analysts to perform complex calculations, such asoptimization problems, portfolio simulations, and pricing derivatives, in afraction of the time it takes classical computers. This could significantlyspeed up financial analysis and risk management processes, leading to moreefficient decision-making.

Risk managementis a critical aspect of financial analysis, and quantum computing has thepotential to enhance risk assessment and mitigation strategies. Quantumcomputers can perform sophisticated simulations and optimizations that can helpfinancial institutions better understand and manage risk. For example, quantumcomputers can efficiently simulate large-scale market scenarios, model complexfinancial instruments, and optimize risk portfolios, leading to more accurate riskassessments and better risk management strategies.

Quantumcomputing has the potential to enhance encryption and security infinancial systems. Quantum computers can break many of the currently usedcryptographic algorithms, which rely on the difficulty of certain mathematicalproblems that can be efficiently solved by quantum computers, such as factoringlarge numbers using Shor's algorithm. However, quantum computing can also offernew cryptographic methods, such as quantum key distribution, which can providesecure communication channels for financial transactions. This couldpotentially improve the security of financial systems and protect against cyberthreats.

Quantumcomputers are still in the early stages of development, and building andmaintaining quantum hardware is extremely challenging and expensive. Thetechnology required for quantum computing is highly specialized and not easilyaccessible, limiting its adoption in financial institutions, especially forsmaller firms. Additionally, quantum computers are not yet scalable, andbuilding large-scale quantum computers with thousands of qubits remains a significanttechnical hurdle. This makes it difficult for widespread adoption in financialanalysis and risk management.

While quantumcomputing holds great promise for certain financial applications, it may not beapplicable to all areas of financial analysis and risk management. Manyfinancial tasks, such as simple calculations, data management, and basic riskassessments, can be efficiently handled by classical computers. Quantumcomputers are most effective for solving specific problems, such asoptimization, simulation, and cryptography, and may not offer significantadvantages in other areas of financial analysis and risk management.Identifying suitable applications for quantum computing in the financial domainand integrating them into existing workflows may require significant effort andexpertise.

Quantumcomputing is still an area of active research, and many aspects of thetechnology are not fully understood. Quantum systems are highly sensitive totheir environment and can be easily disrupted by external factors, leading toerrors and uncertainties in computations. This makes it challenging to ensurethe reliability and accuracy of quantum computations, which are criticalrequirements in financial analysis and risk management. Additionally, there arerisks associated with the potential of quantum computers to break currentcryptographic methods, which could have significant implications for thesecurity of financial systems.

In conclusion,quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize the way financial analysisand risk management are conducted. The technology has several advantages overclassical computing, including the ability to perform complex calculations muchfaster and more accurately.

However, thereare several challenges to the adoption of quantum computing in thefinancial sector, including the high cost of hardware and the shortage ofskilled professionals. Despite these challenges, the future of quantumcomputing in financial analysis and risk management looks promising, and it islikely that we will see increasing use of the technology in the coming years.

Financialinstitutions that are able to leverage the power of quantum computing will havea significant competitive advantage over those that do not.

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Stripes within crystals hint at behavior of electrons in quantum systems – Phys.org

April 17, 2023 | Author: admin

This article has been reviewed according to ScienceX's editorial process and policies. Editors have highlighted the following attributes while ensuring the content's credibility:

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Hidden stripes in a crystal could help scientists understand the mysterious behavior of electrons in certain quantum systems, including high-temperature superconductors, an unexpected discovery by RIKEN physicists suggests.

The electrons in most materials interact with each other very weakly. But physicists often observe interesting properties in materials in which electrons strongly interact with each other. In these materials, the electrons often collectively behave as particles, giving rise to "quasiparticles."

"A crystal can be thought of like an alternative universe with different laws of physics that allow different fundamental particles to live there," says Christopher Butler of the RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science.

Butler and colleagues examined a crystal in which a layer of nickel atoms was arranged in a square lattice, like a chessboard. Individual electrons have a small mass, but within this crystal, they appeared as massless quasiparticles.

The team set out to examine this odd effect using a scanning tunneling microscope, but this proved challenging. The walnut-sized microscope is housed inside a vacuum chamber, surrounded by a roomful of equipment that creates low temperatures and ultralow pressures comparable to that at the surface of the moon.

"To examine the pristine surface of these crystals, we try to cleave off a small flake, much as geologists do," says Butler. "But we have to do this inside the vacuum, and these crystals are so brittle they are prone to explode into dust."

After numerous attempts, they succeeded and used the microscope to scan the flake with a small needlelike a record playerwith a voltage across it. Varying the voltage allowed them to probe different features.

The team confirmed the nickel atoms were arranged in a chessboard-like arrangement. But to their surprise, the electrons had broken this pattern and were instead aligned in stripes (Fig. 1). This is called nematicitywhere interactions in the system make the electrons display less symmetry than the underlying material.

Butler likens the discovery to standing by a pond and throwing in a pebble. "You'd expect to see circular ripples, so if you saw ripples appearing in parallel lines, you would know something weird is going on," he says. "It demands an explanation."

Such experiments will help physicists test different proposed theories for the behavior of quantum systems with many particle interactions, such as high-temperature superconductors. These new results, for instance, fit with predictions made using a "density-wave" framework proposed by the study's co-authors at Nagoya University in Japan.

"The behavior of many interacting electrons is hard to predict even with supercomputers," says Butler. "But at least we can observe what they are doing under a microscope."

The findings are published in the the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

More information: Christopher John Butler et al, Correlation-driven electronic nematicity in the Dirac semimetal BaNiS 2, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2022). DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2212730119

Journal information: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

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Why Aren’t These Trampoline-Jumping Acrobats Being Towed By A … – Cowboy State Daily

April 17, 2023 | Author: admin

So many questions, right?

Watch this video. Class is about to be in session.

First, well take a deep dive into the science at work here. Spoiler alert: Newton and some laws he thought up will be invoked.

Next, well explore the nuts and bolts of how a world-renowned stunt team pulled this off and, more importantly, why. Additional spoiler alert: These guys aint from around here.

Why dont aerialists fly off? Guesses

We caught up with the viral video originally on Twitter. A little digging on the googler machine led us to a total of three different edits of essentially the same short video featuring the aerial acrobatics of what appeared to be a few bored farm boys.

Either this is a new type of combine harvester we are not familiar with, or someone has way too much time on their hands.

What initially struck us and most viewers (judging from the comment sections following the videos) is how are these guys not flying off the trampoline and tractor bed? When they bounce up into the air, how do they land again on the moving trampoline and not, say, a half-acre back down the road?

Science!

Inherently, most of us know there is probably some sciencey stuff involved here. Gravity, physics, an object in motion remains in motionsomething, something, something. Right?

Its embarrassing to admit how much we don't know or cant recall years after high school graduation. Dont worry, you are not alone. Hardly anyone commenting on these internet videos offered definitive answers either.

The video is clearly fake, blurted Anthony Hildoer.

Its not.

You are in the same frame of inertia when you bounce, added GooRee on Twitter.

Frame of inertia. OK, that sounds impressively plausible.

Several commenters referenced what happens when traveling on a train or a place. Or, better yet, what doesnt happen.

Drop a carryon from the overhead bin in first class and it will likely land on your toe, not fly all the way back to cheap seats at the rear lavatory, even though the plane is doing, like, 500 mph. That was how True Vanguard put it on Twitter.

True enough. Weve actually seen this happen.

StarTalks two cents included a train analogy. Weve all seen enough action movies to know if you jump off a train, you are carrying that speed, that momentum, when you hit the ground. So, you better be ready to tuck and roll.

Basically, the smarter comments gravitated around the notion that: Relative to the trampoline, bouncers are traveling only up and down. If no wind resistance is encountered (notice the two walls on either end of the trampoline) the aerialists will continue to travel the exact same speed as the tractor pulling them.

But why, exactly?

Why Dont Aerialists Fly Off? Facts

Twitter user Cheska commented on the video with: I taught yall this in physics class.

Exactly!

We went straight to an authority on the subject: Mr. Garrick Harts AP Physics class at Jackson Hole High School. Mr. Harts seniors had little trouble solving this one.

Newtons first law of motion states that an object at rest remains at rest, or, if in motion, remains in motion at a constant velocity unless acted on by a net external force, began a class email sent to Cowboy State Daily after Mr. Hart showed the video to his class.

The person jumping on the trampoline does not fall off the back of the trailer because their forward velocity is equal to that of the tractor, and there are no significant horizontal forces acting on him to change that," the class wrote.

Acceleration, gravity, relative motion also come into play rolled into a formula (f = ma), where f is force, m is mass, and a is acceleration or velocity.

Air resistance would be the only thing that could change [the bouncers] horizontal velocity, but that is blocked by those two wooden barriers, the high school class continued.

Only the vertical forces of gravity (down) and the force of the trampoline (up) act on him. This is also why you can jump up and down on a trampoline in your yard without flying off, even though your yard is on the earth which is hauling through space at roughly 67,000 mph.

Not to mention the earths rotation, which is approximately 1,000 mph. And we havent even touched upon parabolic path or quantum mechanics.

Dizzy yet? Imagine the guys doing the jumping.

Brainiacs or Maniacs?

And just who are the guys pulling off this wacky stunt? Well, first off, they are professionals. Do not try this at home, kids.

The Dunkin Devilsare an acrobatic team from Slovenia. They have performed more than 1,400 live events in 43 countries. In fact, they were just in Dallas last week.

The squad performs primarily aerial basketball stunts involving trick dunking and a whole lot of what they refer to in their motto as the only one true direction: Up.

DunkinDevilsSquads Gaper Novak and Jan nidari were kind enough shrug off the 8-hour time difference in order to share their experience with Cowboy State Daily via teleconference from their home base in Cerknica, Slovenia.

Novak and nidari confirmed the video is real. It was not faked in any way. In truth, it took quite a bit of practice.

The videos circulating on socialmediaare all from one shoot in May 2019. While the video package certainly works as an ingenious marketing tool, its genesis is actually much more jejune.

What, When, Why, Where?

The Dunkin Devils are kind of a big deal in Slovenia. So, when a carnival came to Cerknica that spring in 2019, Novak and nidari decided they would put on a special show for their adoring home town fans. The video was basically an afterthought, the result of their recorded practice run prior to their live performance, which did not involve anything being towed by farm equipment.

The trailer towed behind the tractor is actually a stage built specifically for this carnival show. The idea to try out some tricks while rolling just kind of fell into place since Novak and nidari are good friends with the tractor driver.

Contrary to expert speculation, DD Squad did not make the walls with the intention of blocking wind. They are used solely for staging during the stationery trampoline show. It did help cut down on wind resistance that could contribute to blowing jumpers off course, but the acrobatic team says they really werent necessary for that.

We tried it out without any walls at first and it is still pretty doable, Novak said, even with the tractor doing a max speed of 30 mph in the video.

Stunts are part experiment, part practice

The members of the team standing on the trampoline bed in some of the shots help the bouncers achieve bigger air by what is called a double bouncingtechnique.

Some of whatDD Squaddoes, like this video stunt, is experimental and the result of careful trial-and-error. But more science goes into it than one might think. Lets just say, these kids arent out to intentionally kill themselves.

Most of our stuff is trial-and-error but we do have on our team people who study physics, engineering, and the science of performing these tricks. We combine all this knowledge to predict what is going to happen and then test things out, Novak said.

Its trial and error to some level, nidari interjected, but we go step-by-step so any errors in the beginning are small, safe, and manageable. Then we add layers of complexity until we are confident we can do the trick without error.

The acrobats were in contact with the tractor driver at all times to make sure a consistent speed was maintained. The driver could also report back with important intel like: Running out of road soon.

Once ready, the production team used a drone and stationery camera to capture the results.

And now you know, as Paul Harvey once made famous, the rest of the story.

Jake Nichols can be reached at: Jake@CowboyStateDaily.com

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New experimental evidence of the restoration of chiral symmetry at high matter density – Phys.org

April 17, 2023 | Author: admin

This article has been reviewed according to ScienceX's editorial process and policies. Editors have highlighted the following attributes while ensuring the content's credibility:

fact-checked

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by Ingrid Fadelli , Phys.org

The QCD vacuum (i.e., the ground state of vacuum in the quantum chromodynamics regime) is theoretically characterized by the presence of non-zero expectation values of condensates, such as gluons and quarkantiquark pairs. Instead of being associated with a lack of particles and interactions in an empty space, physics theory regards this state as filled with the so-called condensates, which have the same quantum numbers as the vacuum and cannot be directly observed.

While many theoretical physicists have discussed the properties of the QCD vacuum, experimentally validating these theoretical predictions has so far proved challenging, simply because the condensates in this state are elusive and cannot be directly detected. A hint of experimental "observation" can be found in the theoretical predictions of the properties of the QCD vacuum.

Theories predict that the condensate may decrease in the high temperature and/or at a high matter density due to the partial restoration of the so-called chiral symmetry. To prove these theories, some researchers collected measurements during ultra-relativistic, head-on collisions of heavy ions at particularly high temperatures. Other efforts in this area tried to probe properties of the QCD vacuum by measuring so-called "medium effects." These are essentially effects that alter the QCD vacuum and its structure, prompted by the presence of high matter density such as nuclear matter.

Researchers at the RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Nara Women's University, the German Heavy Ion Research Institute, and other institutes worldwide have recently set out to gather experimental insights of the medium effects in nuclei at lower temperatures. In their experiments, outlined in a Nature Physics paper, they used spectroscopy techniques to measure the states of in (Sn) pionic atoms, bound systems consisting of a pion and atomic nucleus.

"The existence of the hidden structure of vacuum is one of the most important physics questions of the modern era," Kenta Itahashi, one of the researchers who carried out the study, told Phys.org. "The 'non-trivial' structure of the vacuum has been theoretically discussed for a long time. For instance, Nambu described the spontaneous symmetry breakdown of the vacuum. Despite the many related theories, experimental evidence in this area has so far been limited."

The primary objective of the recent work by Itahashi and his colleagues was to further elucidate the hidden structure of the QCD vacuum and its evolution over the history of the universe. According to theoretical predictions, the condensation of quarkantiquark pairs (i.e., chiral condensates) in this vacuum state would break the vacuum's chiral symmetry.

At high temperatures and/or high matter densities the chiral symmetry would be partially restored, which should thus theoretically reduce the expected value of chiral condensates. In their new experiments, the team set out to deduce the expected value of quarkantiquark pairs in the QCD vacuum by measuring pionic atoms at high densities and lower temperatures with high-precision spectroscopy techniques.

"We measured pion-nuclear bound systems in a spectroscopic way" Itahashi explained. "Our spectroscopy thus provides complementary information that can be analyzed in conjunction with past experimental findings focusing head-on collisions. Like drawing a phase diagram of water or superconducting materials, we wished to draw a phase diagram of the vacuum on a plane of temperature and density. In a sense, nuclear matter behaves as an impurity loaded into the vacuum."

The researchers found that their measurements were consistent with the spontaneous breakdown of the QCD vacuum's chiral symmetry described by Nambu's theory. Combined with the results of a pioneering study they conducted almost two decades ago, this work advances the present understanding of the QCD vacuum, the breaking and restoration of chiral symmetry, and how this affects the expected value of chiral condensates at high temperatures and/or high matter densities.

"As far as we know, there is currently no information on the order parameter at a high-matter density that was as accurately determined as ours," Itahashi said. "In our next studies, we wish to investigate the density dependence of the chiral symmetry. We already plotted the first point of the chiral order parameter on the density axis and we now plan to study the density derivative by making a systematic measurement. In addition, we also wish to develop a new pionic atom spectroscopy technique to reach higher precision and to enable the study of pionic atom formation with radioisotopes."

More information: Takahiro Nishi et al, Chiral symmetry restoration at high matter density observed in pionic atoms, Nature Physics (2023). DOI: 10.1038/s41567-023-02001-x

Journal information: Nature Physics

2023 Science X Network

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Joe Rogan just issued a warning about artificial intelligence after a fake version of his podcast was created 100% through AI technology. Here are 3…

April 17, 2023 | Author: admin

Controversial podcaster Joe Rogan has issued a warning about artificial intelligence after a fake but very realistic version of his popular podcast The Joe Rogan Experience was published online.

The fictional episode generated with the help of AI chatbot ChatGPT was published on YouTube on April 4.

It depicts a conversation between Joe Rogan and Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI, with a disclaimer that the ideas and opinions expressed in the podcast are not reflective of [their actual] thoughts.

Let me tell you folks, this is some next-level stuff we've got going on here today, the AI-generated Joe Rogan says. Every single word of this podcast has been generated with the help of ChatGPT...I am not the real Joe Rogan this is purely fiction.

Joe Rogan just issued a warning about artificial intelligence after a fake version of his podcast was created 100% through AI technology. Here are 3 stocks to capitalize

The real-life Rogan was ill at ease after the episode dropped. He tweeted: This is going to get very slippery, kids.

The Joe Rogan AI Experience was intended as an exploration of the capabilities of language models and it certainly achieves that.

If youre interested in capitalizing on this trend, here are three AI plays in todays stock market.

Microsoft is heavily involved in the AI boom. The tech giant has been an investor in OpenAI, the company that developed ChatGPT, since 2019.

In January, Microsoft announced an extension of its partnership with OpenAI through a through a multiyear, multibillion-dollar investment.

The online search market has experienced significant disruption in 2023, with the launch of several competing AI chatbots. In February, Microsoft launched Bing Chat, which runs on ChatGPT-4 technology.

Story continues

After a shaky start with the accuracy of its findings being called into question Bing Chat has been in heated competition with Google parent company Alphabets AI chatbot called Bard and both bots are up against the original ChatGPT.

Microsoft enjoyed a strong final quarter in 2022, with its revenue increasing by 2% to $52.7 billion. As of April 13, Microsoft's stock performance improved by 4% year over year.

Upon announcing its latest financial results, Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella said: The next major wave of computing is being born, as the Microsoft Cloud turns the worlds most advanced AI models into a new computing platform.

We are committed to helping our customers use our platforms and tools to do more with less today and innovate for the future in the new era of AI.

Read more: Owning real estate for passive income is one of the biggest myths in investing but here is 1 simple way to really make it work

Nvidia creates microchips that power AI software and services, with a focus on business solutions.

"AI is at an inflection point, setting up for broad adoption reaching into every industry, said Jensen Huang, founder and CEO of NVIDIA. From startups to major enterprises, we are seeing accelerated interest in the versatility and capabilities of generative AI.

The Santa Clara-based chipmaker has been touted by some of Americas financial giants including Bank of America, Morgan Stanley and Barclays as a top AI stock for 2023.

While Nvidias revenue for the fiscal year 2023 remained flat from a year ago, at $26.97 billion, the companys stock performance is up 26% year over year, as of April 13.

In October 2022, Nvidia announced a multi-year partnership with Oracle, giving the cloud computing company access to Nvidias full AI platform, including chips, systems and software.

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure is a key competitor to Amazon Web Services. The e-commerce giant Amazon is another AI stock worth considering, as it uses the technology in its online store and via Alexa, the virtual assistant in Echo devices.

Adobe is an American multinational computer software company, headquartered in San Jose, California.

The tech company had a strong start to 2023, achieving record revenue of $4.66 billion in the first quarter.

Adobe stock performance has dropped 10% in the past 12 months but it remains a top tech stock pick for many analysts.

In September 2022, Adobe acquired the design platform Figma, which expanded its suite of essential designer tools.

Last year, the company announced new AI and machine learning capabilities in its Experience Cloud product, a marketing and analytics suite, and it continued its journey into generative AI, which enables people to prompt technology to create text, images, or other media.

This article provides information only and should not be construed as advice. It is provided without warranty of any kind.

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Artificial Intelligence Reveals a Stunning, High-Definition View of M87’s Big Black Hole – SciTechDaily

April 17, 2023 | Author: admin

M87 supermassive black hole originally imaged by the EHT collaboration in 2019 (left); and new image generated by the PRIMO algorithm using the same data set (right). Credit: Medeiros et al. 2023

Astronomers used machine learning to improve the Event Horizon Telescopes first black hole image, aiding in black hole behavior understanding and testing gravitational theories. The new technique, called PRIMO, has potential applications in various fields, including exoplanets and medicine.

Astronomers have used machine learning to sharpen up the Event Horizon Telescopes first picture of a black hole an exercise that demonstrates the value of artificial intelligence for fine-tuning cosmic observations.

The image should guide scientists as they test their hypotheses about the behavior of black holes, and about the gravitational rules of the road under extreme conditions.

Overview of simulations that were generated for the training set of the PRIMO algorithm. Credit: Medeiros et al. 2023

The EHT image of the supermassive black hole at the center of an elliptical galaxy known as M87, about 55 million light-years from Earth, wowed the science world in 2019. The picture was produced by combining observations from a worldwide array of radio telescopes but gaps in the data meant the picture was incomplete and somewhat fuzzy.

In a study published last week in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, an international team of astronomers described how they filled in the gaps by analyzing more than 30,000 simulated black hole images.

With our new machine learning technique, PRIMO, we were able to achieve the maximum resolution of the current array, study lead author Lia Medeiros of the Institute for Advanced Study said in a news release.

PRIMO slimmed down and sharpened up the EHTs view of the ring of hot material that swirled around the black hole as it fell into the gravitational singularity. That makes for more than just a prettier picture, Medeiros explained.

Since we cannot study black holes up close, the detail of an image plays a critical role in our ability to understand its behavior, she said. The width of the ring in the image is now smaller by about a factor of two, which will be a powerful constraint for our theoretical models and tests of gravity.

The technique developed by Medeiros and her colleagues known as principal-component interferometric modeling, or PRIMO for short analyzes large data sets of training imagery to figure out the likeliest ways to fill in missing data. Its similar to the way AI researchers used an analysis of Ludwig von Beethovens musical works to produce a score for the composers unfinished 10th Symphony.

Tens of thousands of simulated EHT images were fed into the PRIMO model, covering a wide range of structural patterns for the gas swirling into M87s black hole. The simulations that provided the best fit for the available data were blended together to produce a high-fidelity reconstruction of missing data. The resulting image was then reprocessed to match the EHTs actual maximum resolution.

The researchers say the new image should lead to more precise determinations of the mass of M87s black hole and the extent of its event horizon and accretion ring. Those determinations, in turn, could lead to more robust tests of alternative theories relating to black holes and gravity.

The sharper image of M87 is just the start. PRIMO can also be used to sharpen up the Event Horizon Telescopes fuzzy view of Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the center of our own Milky Way galaxy. And thats not all: The machine learning techniques employed by PRIMO could be applied to much more than black holes. This could have important implications for interferometry, which plays a role in fields from exoplanets to medicine, Medeiros said.

Adapted from an article originally published on Universe Today.

Reference: The Image of the M87 Black Hole Reconstructed with PRIMO by Lia Medeiros, Dimitrios Psaltis, Tod R. Lauer and Feryal zel3, 13 April 2023, The Astrophysical Journal Letters.DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/acc32d

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The High-Tech Hollywood Smile: How 3D Scanners and Artificial Intelligence Are Perfecting Teeth – Hollywood Reporter

April 17, 2023 | Author: admin

Image caption: Can you ID the celebrity by their teeth? Answers at the end of the article.

A major director had scheduled a quick lunch just before leaving for an out-of-town shoot, but when he bit down on something hard and cracked a back tooth, his plans were suddenly in limbo. He raced to the Brentwood office of Dr. Jon Marashi, explaining the urgency.

The aesthetic dentist skipped the usual goopy impressions and instead captured details of the directors bite with a 3D scanner in less than a minute. The digital file was immediately input into a 3D printer, which created a replica of the broken tooth. Using a Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) dental milling machine, a new porcelain crown was quickly fabricated, verified on the printed model, and within hours bonded onto the patients damaged tooth.

The industry standard turnaround for a crown has always been two weeks, but this entire process was three and a half hours, notes Marashi, whose patient roster includes Matt Damon, Ben Affleck, Goldie Hawn, Cher, Pink, producer Jennifer Todd and Ben Harper.

I had a previous version of the scanner and it was the biggest waste of money because the resolution was terrible, slow and not accurate, like a dial-up modem but this one, called the Treos, is super kick-ass and like high-speed internet, Marashi adds. It takes 45 seconds to get the image of an entire mouth.

In recent years, high-tech advances including lasers, digital scanners and printers, artificial intelligence and augmented reality have made even the most involved dental intervention a much quicker, easier and more predictable experience.

Patients now have more control over a smiles outcome. There is a new mix of augmented reality and artificial intelligence that works by capturing a scan of the persons face and allowing us to morph a filter onto it, explains Dr. Alex Fine, who works in the office of Dr. Marc Lowenberg, where Chris Rock, Julianna Margulies, Kelly Ripa and Liev Schreiber are patients. Its as if you are creating an Instagram filter uniquely designed for patients that shows what they would look like with their best smiles. The patient then takes part in the process, helping decide what is optimal.

It works well because there are different characteristics that look beautiful on different people, explains Dr. Robert Raimondi, of One Manhattan Dental. We can superimpose [the scan] on photos of a face and alter size, shape, shade, number of teeth, and show them what is actually possible in their mouth. Raimondi also integrates the internal scanner with a CT Scan and robotic surgery to increase the precision of implant placement. Its so cool, he says.

Dr. Shawn Flynn has patients weigh in on their smiles without an additional visit to his Beverly Hills office. I just finished a case for someone on a TV show, and we had his scan on file, so we were able to go back and forth with the images without him having to come in again, he notes.

Gummy smiles used to require surgical tools and a drill, but the handheld LiteTouch laser, developed in Israel, is now able to remove gum tissue and bone, raising the upper teeth without traditional surgery. Its less invasive, less painful and heals more quickly, reports Fine.

The LiteTouch also removes old veneers by melting the adhesive, so dentists no longer have to painstakingly grind them off and potentially damage underlying teeth. I had a woman who had terrible veneers, recalls Marashi. The work was garbage and her bite was messed up. I had all her veneers off in 15 minutes without destroying any natural tooth. This tech is about as spanking new as it gets!

Even whitening is less of an ordeal. The new lasers no longer heat the teeth the way they did, and the gel isnt so harsh, so its much gentler for people with sensitive teeth, points out Dr. Lana Rozenberg, who tends to the smiles of Justin Theroux and Kristin Davis.

The new technologies are particularly useful for productions. Rozenberg tells of a heartthrob British actor who cracked his tooth while on set. He bit into something, and he wasnt laughing, but we were able to use the scanner and get him out of the office and back to work with a new tooth in an hour and a half, she says. Its amazing that we dont even need to take impressions, which is perfect for gaggers. You can even make night guards on the printer.

Actresses are never too young to head to an aesthetic dentist. When Madison Taylor Baez, 11 at the time, lost a baby tooth on the set of Showtimes Let the Right One In, she was rushed to Lowenberg, who quickly scanned her mouth and printed her a temporary tooth to get her through the shoot.

Recently, a new AI program was offered to dentists that actually reads and interprets X-rays. Its mind-boggling, says Rozenberg with a laugh. Soon dentists will be obsolete.

While scanning and printing of molds and trial smiles can be done digitally, and some dentists are using 3D printers to actually create veneers for front as well as back teeth, Lowenberg explains: Although these advancements are great and very new, the final step of a true Hollywood smile needs subtlety and artistry, which is still only achieved by the hand of a master ceramist.

Top row, from left: Kelly Ripa, Justin Theroux, Cher, Chris Rock.

Bottom row, from left: Ben Harper, Julianna Margulies, Ben Affleck, Pink

A version of this story first appeared in the April 12 issue of The Hollywood Reporter magazine. Click here to subscribe.

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