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PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] Why is it that artificial intelligence systems can outperform humans on some visual tasks, like facial recognition, but make egregious errors on others such as classifying an image of an astronaut as a shovel?

Like the human brain, AI systems rely on strategies for processing and classifying images. And like the human brain, little is known about the precise nature of those processes. Scientists at Brown Universitys Carney Institute for Brain Science are making strides in understanding both systems, publishing a recent paper that helps to explain computer vision in a way the researchers say is accessible as well as more useful than previous models.

Both the human brain and the deep neural networks that power AI systems are referred to as black boxes because we dont know exactly what goes on inside, said Thomas Serre, a Brown professor of cognitive, linguistic and psychological sciences and computer science. The work that we do at Carneys Center for Computational Brain Science is trying to understand and characterize brain mechanisms related to learning, vision, and all kinds of things, and highlighting the similarities and differences with AI systems.

Deep neural networks use learning algorithms to process images, Serre said. They are trained on massive sets of data, such as ImageNet, which has over a million images culled from the web organized into thousands of object categories. The training mainly involves feeding data to the AI system, he explained.

We don't tell AI systems how to process images for example, what information to extract from the images to be able to classify them, Serre said. The AI system discovers its own strategy. Then computer scientists evaluate the accuracy of what they do after theyve been trained for example, maybe the system achieves 90% accuracy on discriminating between a thousand image categories.

Serre collaborated with Brown Ph.D. candidate Thomas Fel and other computer scientists to develop a tool that allows users to pry open the lid of the black box of deep neural networks and illuminate what types of strategies AI systems use to process images. The project, called CRAFT for Concept Recursive Activation FacTorization for Explainability was a joint project with the Artificial and Natural Intelligence Toulouse Institute, where Fel is currently based. It was presented this month at theIEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition in Vancouver, Canada.

Serre shared how CRAFT reveals how AI sees images and explained the crucial importance of understanding how the computer vision system differs from the human one.

CRAFT provides an interpretation of the complex and high-dimensional visual representations of objects learned by neural networks, leveraging modern machine learning tools to make them more understandable to humans. This leads to a representation of the key visual concepts used by neural networks to classify objects. As an example, lets think about a type of freshwater fish called a tench. We built a website that allows people to browse and visualize these concepts. Using the website, one can see that AI systems concept of a tench includes sets of fish fins, heads, tails, eyeballs and more.

These concepts also reveal that deep networks sometimes pick up on biases in datasets. One of the concepts associated with the tench, for example, is the face of a white male, because there are many photos online of sports fishermen holding fish that look like tench. (Yet the system can still distinguish a man from a fish.) In another example, the predominant concept associated with a soccer ball in neural networks is the presence of soccer players on the field. This is likely because the majority of internet images featuring soccer balls also include individual players rather than solely the ball itself.

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New tool explains how AI 'sees' images and why it might mistake an ... - Brown University

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SACRAMENTO Governor Gavin Newsom today announced the following appointments:

Ilkay Altintas, of San Diego, has been appointed to the Wildfire Technology Research and Development Review Advisory Board. Altintas has been a Research Scientist at the University of California, San Diego since 2001. She has been Division Director of Cyberinfrastructure and Convergence Research and Education at the San Diego Supercomputer Center since 2021, where she has held several positions since 2014, including Chief of Staff, Director, Division Director and Deputy Coordinator. Altintas earned a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Computational Science from the University of Amsterdam and a Master of Science degree in Computer Engineering from Middle East Technical University. This position does not require Senate confirmation and there is no compensation. Altintas is registered without party preference.

Kristi Pawlowski, of Mather, has been appointed to the Veterinary Medical Board. Pawlowski has been Chief Insight Director for the Insight Veterinary Wellness Center since 2020. She has been Executive Director at the Sacramento Valley Veterinary Medical Association since 1991. She was Owner and Hospital Manager of Banfield Pet Hospital of Lincoln from 2007 to 2016 and of Banfield Pet Hospital of Folsom from 2002 to 2016. Pawlowski earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Human Resources and Organizational Behavior from California State University, Sacramento. This position does not require Senate confirmation and the compensation is $100 per diem. Pawlowski is a Democrat.

Nick Boyd, of El Cajon, has been appointed to the State Board of Behavioral Sciences. Boyd has been Director of Clinical Training for Counseling and Lead Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor at VA San Diego Health Care since 2020. He has been a Staff Therapist for the Cognitive Therapy Institute since 2019. He was a Study Therapist for VA San Diego Health Care from 2018 to 2020, a Consultant for the eScreening program there from 2017 to 2022 and an Assessment Therapist there from 2017 to 2018. He was a Psychological Health Consultant at the Naval Center for Combat and Operational Stress Control at Leidos from 2015 to 2016. He was a Resiliency Trainer at the UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior from 2016 to 2017 and a Sex Offender Treatment Specialist at the Counseling and Psychotherapy Center from 2014 to 2016. He was Founder, Clinical Director and Lead Therapist at e3 Civic High from 2014 to 2015. He was a Clinical Counseling Trainee at North County Lifeline from 2013 to 2014 and a Clinical Counseling Trainee at Springall Academy from 2012 to 2013. Boyd is a member of the American Counseling Association, American Mental Health Counselors Association, California Association for Licensed Professional Clinical Counselors, International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, American Academy of Experts in Traumatic Stress, American Psychological Association and the American Academy on the Advancement of Science. Boyd earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Criminology and Criminal Justice from Portland State University, a Master of Arts degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the University of San Diego and a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Counseling Education and Supervision from the University of the Cumberlands. This position requires Senate confirmation and the compensation is $100 per diem. Boyd is a Democrat.

Devon Glazer, of Laguna Niguel, has been appointed to the Podiatric Medical Board of California. Glazer has been CEO and Podiatrist at Artisan Foot and Ankle Specialist since 2009. Glazer is a member of the California Podiatric Medical Association, American Podiatric Medical Association and the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons. Glazer earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Biology from the University of North Texas and a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine degree from the New York College of Podiatric Medicine. This position does not require Senate confirmation and the compensation is $100 per diem. Glazer is registered without party preference.

Sumer Patel, of Santa Clara, has been appointed to the Podiatric Medical Board of California. Patel has been Chair of Foot and Ankle Surgery Chiefs at the Permanente Medical Group since 2016. He has been Assistant Physician in Chief at the Kaiser Permanente Santa Clara Medical Center since 2022 and Physician Operating Room Director there since 2013. He has been a Foot and Ankle Surgeon at the Kaiser Permanente Santa Clara Medical Center since 2000. Patel is a member of the American College of Foot & Ankle Surgeons. Patel earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Biology from Florida State University and a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine degree from the California College of Podiatric Medicine. This position does not require Senate confirmation and the compensation is $100 per diem. Patel is a Democrat.

Anita Battle, of Alameda, has been appointed to the Bureau of Security and Investigative Services Private Security Disciplinary Review Committee, Northern California. Battle has been Senior Manager of Equity Programs at Equinox since 2020 and Senior Enablement Manager there since 2018. She was a Manager of Sales Training & Enablement at Visa CyberSource from 2017 to 2018 and a Strategic Relationships Manager at HireRight in 2015. She was a Senior Managerial Consultant of Sales & Account Management Strategy Execution for Kaiser Permanente from 2011 to 2014. Battle was a Senior Business Consultant on Information Technology for Kaiser Permanente from 2011 to 2014. She was a Senior Enterprise Sales Manager at Verizon from 1994 to 2011 and held several positions there from 1982 to 1994. Battle earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in Political Science from Loyola Marymount University. This position does not require Senate confirmation and the compensation is $100 per diem. Battle is a Democrat.

Donald Kuehner, of Santa Clarita, has been appointed to the Bureau of Security and Investigative Services Private Security Disciplinary Review Committee, Southern California. Kuehner has been Institution Director at Pacific West Academy since 2018. He has been an Executive Protection Agent for Advanced Security Concepts Inc. since 2012. He was a Sales Associate at Bullet Barn Guns from 2014 to 2016. Kuehner served in the U.S. Army from 2004 to 2012 and was honorably discharged at the rank of Staff Sergeant. Kuehner earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in Operations and Supply Chain Management from California State University, Fullerton. This position does not require Senate confirmation and the compensation is $100 per diem. Kuehner is registered without party preference.

Claudia Sandino, of Lake Forest, has been appointed to the Board of Chiropractic Examiners. Sandino has been a Health and Safety Operations Manager for the Walt Disney Company since 2021 and was a Health and Safety Manager for the company from 2020 to 2021. She was a Production Payroll Accountant for ABC, FOX. Entertainment One and 4D Printing Inc. from 2018 to 2020. She was Director at Brain Balance Achievement Centers from 2013 to 2016. She earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from the University of California, Los Angeles, a Master of Science degree in Clinical Neuroscience from the Carrick Institute and a Doctor of Chiropractic degree from Life Chiropractic College West. This position does not require Senate confirmation and the compensation is $100 per diem. Sandino is a Republican.

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Governor Newsom Announces Appointments 6.28.23 | California ... - Office of Governor Gavin Newsom

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Story Links BIRMINGHAM, Ala. Texas A&M was represented by 93 student-athletes on the 2023 Spring SEC Academic Honor Roll, announced by SEC commissioner Greg Sankey on Thursday.The 2023 Spring SEC Academic Honor Roll includes student-athletes from eight different sports. The Aggies have totaled 90-or-more student-athletes on the spring honor roll for the fourth-consecutive year."It is an honor for the Center for Student-Athlete Services to continue working with our student-athletes who remain committed to academic excellence," Associate Athletics Director of Academic Services Dr. Dan Childs said.Men's track & field boasted the most student-athletes of all Texas A&M spring sports with 28, while women's track & field was second with 25.The following criteria was followed:(1) A student-athlete must have a grade point average of 3.00 or above for either the preceding academic year (two semesters or three quarters) or have a cumulative grade point average of 3.00 or above at the nominating institution.(2) If a student-athlete attends summer school, his/her grade point average during the summer academic term must be included in the calculation used to determine eligibility for the Academic Honor Roll.(3) Student-athletes eligible for the Honor Roll include those receiving an athletics scholarship, recipients of an athletics award (i.e., letter winner), and non-scholarship student-athletes who have been on a varsity team for two seasons.(4) Prior to being nominated, a student-athlete must have successfully completed 24 semester or 36 quarter hours of non-remedial academic credit toward a baccalaureate degree at the nominating institution.(5) The student-athlete must have been a member of a varsity team for the sport's entire NCAA Championship segment.Texas A&M Spring SEC Academic Honor RollBaseball (11)Nathan Dettmer KinesiologyRobert Hogan Sport ManagementWilliam Johnston FinanceBrett Minnich Sport ManagementJack Moss FinanceRyan Prager FinanceBradley Rudis Agricultural Leadership & DevelopmentRyan Targac KinesiologyJordan Thompson University Studies LeadershipMatt Tucker Sport ManagementTrevor Werner Sport ManagementMen's Golf (6)Matthew Denton FinanceJohn Heidelbaugh FinancePhichaksn Maichon Sport ManagementEvan Myers MarketingWilliam Paysse Sport ManagementVishnu Sadagopan Business HonorsWomen's Golf (6)Lana Calibuso-Kwee Business AdministrationHailee Cooper Sport ManagementBlanca Fernndez Garca-Poggio CommunicationLauren Nguyen Allied HealthJennie Park CommunicationZoe Slaughter PsychologySoftball (5)Shaylee Ackerman Public HealthTrinity Cannon AccountingMorgan Smith Biomedical SciencesGrace Uribe PsychologyRylen Wiggins Sport ManagementMen's Tennis (8)Luke Casper MarketingGuido Marson AccountingGiulio Perego Sport ManagementPierce Rollins ManagementMatthis Liblanc Ross Sport ManagementNoah Schachter Sport ManagementStefan Storch Sport ManagementWilliam Taylor Business HonorsWomen's Tennis (4)Jayci Goldsmith Human Resource DevelopmentKayal Gownder Biomedical EngineeringElise Robbins Allied HealthMary Stoiana Sport ManagementMen's Track & Field (28)Joseph Benn Agricultural Communications & JournalismCooper Cawthra University Studies BusinessAllon Clay FinanceKirk Collins Recreation, Parks & Tourism ScienceColton Colonna Materials Science & EngineeringZachary Davis Management Information SystemsOmajuwa Etiwe PsychologyBryce Foster Sport ManagementSamuel Hankins Sport ManagementHunter Harrison Agricultural Leadership & DevelopmentGavin Hoffpauir Entrepreneurial LeadershipJoseph Hohne Construction ScienceSiddharth Jayaraman Chemical EngineeringPatrick Johnson Advanced International AffairsFelipe Medrado ManagementCaleb Murdock FinanceCaden Norris NutritionAlessio Pirruccio BiologySam Presnal FinanceTheodore Radtke Mechanical EngineeringChristian Rosales Construction ScienceConnor Schulman University Studies BusinessAshton Schwartzman Sport ManagementRobert Whitmarsh Materials Science & EngineeringIshmel Williams KinesiologyCutler Zamzow Animal ScienceAndrew Zapata Construction ScienceVictor Zuniga Recreation, Parks & Tourism ScienceWomen's Track & Field (25)Heather Abadie KinesiologyJulia Abell Hospitality ManagementAllyson Andress EducationKatelyn Buckley EducationNicole Chastain KinesiologyLianna Davidson MarketingVictoria De La Garza Animal ScienceLamara Distin Sport ManagementJacie Droddy Allied HealthEmma Ellis Biomedical SciencesKatelyn Fairchild KinesiologyLaura Fairchild Construction ScienceGemma Goddard Computer ScienceBailey Goggans Biomedical SciencesMegan Hopper Animal ScienceMaci Irons KinesiologySemira Killebrew University Studies Race Gender & EthnicityPaige Lemonia EconomicsMadeline Livingston AccountingDeirdre Nelsen Biomedical EngineeringGrace Plain NutritionMikenna Robinson SociologyMary Rodriguez Allied HealthAbbey Santoro Sport ManagementKennedy Wade Industrial Engineering

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Theory of overparametrization in quantum neural networks - Nature.com

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