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Data Encryption Standard uses a single key for encrypting and decrypting a message. This means that the sender and receiver both must have the same key to access the message. At one point in time, DES was the go-to encryption technology. However, over a period, DES was overpowered by the more sophisticated AES (Advanced Encryption Standard).

Here are some of the important features that impact the working of the Data Encryption Standard.

Block cipher This means that the entire Data Encryption Standard is a cryptographic key, which is applied to a block of data and not on a single bit. For instance, to encrypt a plain text message, DES will put the message into blocks of 64 bits and then encrypt it.

Multiple rounds of encryption The DES methodology is a process of encryption that is done 16 times. This is done in four different modes, by encrypting blocks individually or creating a relationship of each cipher block with all previous blocks. Decryption is just the opposite of encryption, where you must follow the same steps but in reverse order.

64-bit Key DES actually uses a 64-bit key, however, eight of those bits are utilized for checks making the effective length to only 56 bits. The algorithm for encryption products 16 different subkeys of 48 bits each. Each of these subkeys is used for 16 encryption rounds.

Replacement & Permutation The algorithm also helps in defining the sequence of replacement and permutation that the cipher undergoes during the process of encryption.

Backward Compatibility DES also provides this compatibility in some cases.

The following diagram explains how encryption converts a plain text message into an encrypted message

Source: https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/Data-Encryption-Standard

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Data Encryption Standard (DES)? - All You Need to Know | Techfunnel - TechFunnel