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A DOCTOR has told how he changed his mind after testifying to help send teen nanny Louise Woodward to jail for murder.

The Brit, then 18, was convicted of murdering eight-month-old Matthew Eappen by shaking him to death and was jailed for life in 1997.

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She was then freed 279 days later in a shock ruling when the judge downgraded the verdict to manslaughter.

Twenty-five years on and opinion is still divided about what happened on that fateful day as Louise and from Elton, Cheshire, looked after two children at their US home near Boston, Massachusetts.

At her trial, expert prosecution witnesses claimed Matthews injuries, including a cracked skull, displayed the triad of symptoms consistent with him being violently shaken.

And one expert, Dr Patrick Barnes, testified this was the classic model of shaken baby syndrome (SBS), dismissing the defences argument that Matthews injuries had been sustained at an earlier date.

But in a new Channel 4 documentary, The Killer Nanny: Did She Do It?, the medic reveals he has since changed his mind and says the science behind the diagnosis of SBS is flawed.

In the three-parter, which starts tonight, he said: I was very strong, that it had to be shaken baby syndrome.

"I cant (now) give testimony that would convict Louise Woodward beyond a reasonable doubt. I shouldnt have done that.

Dr Barnes, who now regrets dismissing the theory of an older injury at Louises trial, believes that rigid training around SBS is at fault for previous mistakes.

He explained: My teachers had taught me that shaken baby syndrome produces characteristic findings, the so-called triad.

"Because we were biased by the triad representing shaken baby syndrome, we would not believe the (other) story.

Others, however, disagree.

Prosecution lawyer Gerry Leone told the Sun: Theres no question in my mind that Louise Woodward was responsible for killing Matthew.

The defence took dissociated and sometimes random pieces of facts to create a story which would steer the evidence away from Louise Woodward.

But in the end, 12 people who never met each other found that she was responsible, beyond reasonable doubt.

The argument around shaken baby syndrome has raged on in both Britain and the US ever since.

Some experts are still adamant that the triad of symptoms exhibited by Matthew bleeding on the brain, swelling of the brain and bleeding in the eyes point to deliberate abuse.

But critics have argued that these symptoms could have many other causes, including accidental falls and rare genetic conditions.

British human rights lawyer Clive Stafford Smith has been representing parents and carers accused of SBS since 1995, when he successfully appealed the case of a father on death row.

He told The Sun: When it comes to shaken baby syndrome there is no science, it is latter-day voodoo.

Its based on a 1972 hypothesis by British neurologist Norman Guthkelch, and it was just a hypothesis, with no factual basis on which to prove it.

Before he died two years ago, he said how horrified he was that his theory had been accepted as fact and sent so many people to prison.

Clive says bleeds on the brain can be caused by very little trauma and that the triad theory is stupid.

He explained: If youre a little infant or a small child of 2ft 6in and you fall off a 3ft height, your head is going to hit the floor at about 15mph, faster than you and I can sprint.

If you sprint into a wall, you could do serious damage, so to say an infant cant sustain a fatal head injury from that sort of fall is self-evidently false.

Theres no question in my mind Louise Woodward was responsible for killing Matthew. 12 people found that she was responsible, beyond reasonable doubt.

Louise was just 18 when she travelled to the US on a gap year, eventually working for Debbie and Sunil Eappen, both doctors, as nanny to Brendan, three, and baby Matthew.

Louise loved the job and apparently doted on the children.

They were adorable, she says in a clip from a 2003 interview on TVs Panorama: Brendan was very bright and chatty, you could have a conversation with him. And Mattie was a sweet baby, very smiley and playful.

It was on the afternoon of February 4, 1997, that Matthew was rushed to hospital after a panic-stricken Louise rang for an ambulance, saying he was not breathing.

As he lay in a coma, Louise was arrested on suspicion of child abuse. When he died five days later the charges were upped to murder.

Lead detective Bill Byrne told the documentary Louise had admitted to being frustrated because Matthew was crying, and claims she said, Maybe I was a little rough with him.

British-born lawyer Elaine Whitfield Sharp took on Louises case after concluding she was too small, with tiny hands, to do so much damage to a 22lb butterball of a baby.

She said: For this little person to have shaken this big baby with such violence, it didnt make any sense. In the run-up to the trial, in October 1997, a huge swell of support in the UK was led by the residents of her home town.

But in the US she was branded a murderer. Prosecutors painted her as an irresponsible teen who liked to party and had a grudge against the Eappens after they insisted on a curfew.

The court heard Matthew had a 2.5in crack in his skull and that his head had been violently shaken for a prolonged period.

Defence lawyers cited the lack of bruises on his arms, abdomen, chest or legs, which would have been there if someone had picked him up to shaken him with force.

Expert witnesses also testified that the lack of fresh bleeding on the brain indicated the skull fracture was an older injury.

I was very strong, that it had to be shaken baby syndrome. I cant (now) give testimony that would convict Louise Woodward beyond a reasonable doubt.

Louise told paramedics at the scene that Matthew had been lethargic, had not been eating and had been screaming a lot all symptoms of a previous injury.

Neurosurgeon Dr Ronald Uscinski, who gave evidence for the defence, said: What I saw was that the injury was not a fresh injury.

No matter what they said, it could not have happened on that day. We gave them science and the prosecution gave them hysteria.

Defence barrister Barry Sheck tells the documentary the trial was a huge witch-hunt, adding: They locked her up on the basis of false assumptions about violent shaking and what you need to cause a skull fracture. Its crazy.

Prosecutor Gerry Leone dismisses Dr Barnes U-turn as irrelevant to the case.

He told The Sun: The evidence was clear and the jury found beyond reasonable doubt that not only did she engage in a violent shaking of Matthew that caused devastating injuries to his eye, brain and other parts of his body but that he was violently slammed against a hard object, causing a 2.5in fracture to the back of his skull.

At the trial, Louises own seeming aloofness when cross-examined, and the fact that she laughed when questioned about Matthews death, turned many against her.

She later explained: I was told not to show any emotion, because the prosecutors were trying to paint me as a volatile person. I wasnt being aloof, I was just frightened. I was scared and inhibited.

She was found guilty and sentenced to life.

But in a shock move days later the judge overturned the verdict and sentenced her to 279 days, the stretch she had already served awaiting the trial.

I never ever forget, in all this, that a little boy died. I genuinely feel really sorry about that.

Gerry insists the judges leniency was an affront to justice. He can make whatever decision he wants under the law in that regard, he says.

But I tried a father accused of killing a baby in a similar case a year to the day before this one, and he is still in jail.

From my perspective, that is contradictory to releasing Louise Woodward for doing less time in jail then Matthew Eappen lived on this planet.

The Eappens went on to have two more children.

After returning to the UK, Louise, now 43, studied law and went on to marry and have children of her own.

In her only TV interview since, she said: I never ever forget, in all this, that a little boy died. I genuinely feel really sorry about that.

The whole thing has just been such a trauma and I certainly havent forgotten about him.

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I testified to help the prosecution send Louise Woodward to jail for murder but I changed my mind, says... - The Sun